Suchergebnisse

Higher education has been one of the prominent sectors in Afghanistan for the past decade. There has been a steady increase in the representation of women within the higher education system in the country. However, the growth of an educated workforce within the job market and the growth of the national economy have not been equal. A high number of university women graduates are jobless, employed in non-relevant professions, or working in part-time jobs like teaching in primary and secondary school. This paper explores the contribution and representation of university women graduates in the economy of Afghanistan. Through a liberal feminist lens, the research views the socioeconomic and political dimensions of gender equality norms and women's empowerment in the country. This paper further determines applicable approaches and solutions towards representation of educated women within the job market and the economy of Afghanistan in the long run.

International law is a science attributed to Hugo Grotius, based on both natural rights and intergovernmental treaties, although over time it has expanded its sphere of influence to other subjects. In the present study, an attempt is made to address the origins and defined framework of this science by addressing the theories of this Dutch philosopher and to look at the ancestors and successors of Grotius in order to determine the extent of influence by each of the following philosophers: Aristotle and Cicero in ancient times and Hobbes and Kant in the modern era. Examining the nature of natural rights on the one hand and international law on the other and, the relationship between the two from the point of view of Grotius, as well as comparing his point of view with Hobbes' in particular and, referring to Kant are among the topics covered in this article. Because the study of the theoretical foundations and methods of each of the above thinkers as well as their intellectual system and their proponents and opponents can to some extent shed light on the hidden aspects of the issue.

The aim of this study is to investigate the outcomes of thirty-three day war of Hezbollah in Lebanon with Israel and the effect of Hezbollah on foreign policy of Israel. In this study that has been performed through a reviewing method (documental-library), the formation of Hezbollah, its wars and conflicts with Israel and specially thirty-three day war and victory of Hezbollah on Israel and the outcomes of this victory, foreign policy, and foreign security of Israel are investigated in details.

Parliament is the basic pillar of a democratic society and as the most important legislative body in the country; it is considered the heart of democracy. Today, democracy will appear in the form of parliamentary and representation. The Iranian parliament, with 290 representatives, in terms of structure, has a unicameral system, but its legislative power is not simple. As a result, the legislature also enjoys wide powers and can withstand the abuse of executive power. The present study aims to investigate the nature and the structure and functions of the legislature in Iran. It should be noted that the method of data collection is observed and the nature of the study is descriptive.

A brief account of the three stages of development of a new mental health law in Iran is given. At each stage, the expert opinions of mental health professionals and lawyers interested in the rights of psychiatric patients were obtained. The final draft of the law consists of six sections and 50 articles. It has been submitted for ratification by Parliament.