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AbstractCompared to liquid biofuels biogas has hardly drawn any attention from social sciences researchers lately. Although the share of biogas and liquid biofuels in the energy portfolio of many countries are comparable, biogas systems are strongly place‐based and are non‐controversial in terms of sustainability. But is that a fundamental distinction between the two biofuel systems; or is it just a matter of time before biogas becomes globally integrated and subject to sustainability controversies? In using a sociology of networks and flows frame, the current state of and developments in biogas systems around the world are analysed. It is concluded that biogas systems are most likely to further globally integrate, but that it remains to be seen whether that will result in similar sustainability controversies as with respect to liquid biofuels. One determining factor is whether governance arrangements manage to condition the sustainability of globalising biogas developments.

Whoever tries to break a lance for the more intensive use of markets and market mechanisms in the context of Mi-Assessment Agency and climate policy can usually non-economic social scientists rely on a strong reception. Neoliberalism (term) markets, risk accumulation, virtual money, new inequality, bonuses, uncontrollable shadow effects and more similar woes ultimately arises in the market as the core of capitalist societies, runs simply summarized the reasoning. Who is an effective international climate policy stands for, believes in strong regulation by national and supranational authorities in (climate) taxes, government funding for research and innovation. Government is, market, despite all the talk in the literature on changes in control forms of 'government' to 'governance'. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractIf one interprets sustainability as an attractor, it means that across time and place notions and ideas of sustainability structure, order and pattern institutions and practices. One can effectively explore the idea that sustainability is turning into a global attractor through mega events. As high profile and very visible happenings that attract worldwide attention, it is difficult to ignore common and widely shared norms on sustainability in the route towards such events. In investigating the 2008 Beijing Olympics I conclude that sustainability norms indeed restructured and patterned this global mega event. Moreover, these sustainability norms are crystallized, institutionalized and fixed in material and social structures, and thus will likely have some permanency.