Suchergebnisse

Foreword / by Clark L. Erickson -- Archaeology of invisible landscapes / Stéphen Rostain -- Pedological perspective : concepts and facts / Michel Brossard and Jeanne Brancier -- Soil micromorphology / Jeanne Brancier and Cécilia Cammas -- Physicochemical analysis of neotropical soils / Jeanne Brancier, Amandine Courte, Dominique Todisco and Michel Brossard -- Magnetic properties of soils / François Lévêque -- Geomagnetic survey / François Lévêque -- Pedestrian archaeological surveys in Neotropical rainforests / Mickael Mestre and Martijn Van Den Bel -- Detecting ditched sites on LiDAR-generated digital elevation models : from technical specifications to interpretation keys / Mickaël Mestre, Grégoire Vincent, Caroline Bedeau, Nina Antonoff, Olivier Brunaux, Pierre Gautreau and Matthieu Noucher -- Phytoliths : a tool for Neotropical historical ecology, with focus on bamboodominated forests / Laurent Bremond and Charly Favier -- Anthracology in the tropics : how wood charcoals help us to better understand today ecosystems / Stéphanie Bodin, Julie Morin-Rivat, Laurent Bremond, Rita Scheel-Ybert, Christophe Tardy and Christophe Vaschalde -- Forest trees inventories / Jean-François Molino, William Balée, Julien Engel, Claire Martin and Daniel Sabatier -- Historical genomics / Louise Brousseau, Pauline Garnier-Gere and Charles R. Clement -- Landscape-scale study of soil communities / Nina Gazal, Antoine Brin, Sophie Manzi, Emeline Houël, Emmanuel Lapied, Thibaud Decaëns and Mélanie Roy -- The multiple roles of soil animals in the interpretation of archaeological soils and sediments in lowland tropical South America / Doyle Mckey, Delphine Renard and Rumsaïs Blatrix -- History and ethnohistory of ancient settlements / Pierre Grenand and Damien Davy -- Ethnoecology of landscape uses and interpretations / Damien Davy, Pierre Grenand and Guillaume Odonne -- From single species to multiethnic ethnobotanical databases to understand past land use / Guillaume Odonne, Damien Davy and Pierre Grenand -- Historical ecology as an instrument in defence of forest peoples : reflections from the Tapajós River, Brazil / Bruna Cigaran Da Rocha and Vinicius Eduardo Honorato De Oliveira -- Applied historical ecology / William Balée and Meredith Dudley -- Conclusion. Historical ecology : challenges and perspectives in a changing world / Chelsey Geralda Armstrong and andré Braga Junqueira.

This paper is the result of the work of hundreds of different scientists and research institutions in the Amazon over the past 80 years. Without their hard work this analysis would have been impossible. We thank Charles Zartman for the use of plots from Jutai. HtS, VFG, and RS were supported by grant 407232/2013-3 - PVE - MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq/FAPs; PIP had support for this work from CNPq (productivity grant 310885/2017-5) and FAPESP (research grant #09/53413-5); RAFL was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 795114; CB was supported by grant FAPESP 95/3058-0 - CRS 068/96 WWF Brasil - The Body Shop; DS, JFM, JE, PP and JC benefited from an "Investissement d'Avenir" grant managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-25-01); HLQ/MAP/JLLM received financial supported by MCT/CNPq/CT-INFRA/GEOMA #550373/2010-1 and # 457515/2012-0, and JLLM were supported by grant CAPES/PDSE # 88881.135761/2016-01 and CAPES/Fapespa #1530801; The Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) provided a productivity grant to EMV (Grant 308040/2017-1); Floristic identification in plots in the RAINFOR forest monitoring network have been supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grants NE/B503384/1, NE/ D01025X/1, NE/ I02982X/1, NE/F005806/1, NE/D005590/1 and NE/I028122/1) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; BMF is funded by FAPESP grant 2016/25086-3. BSM, BHMJ and OLP were supported by grants CNPq/CAPES/ FAPS/BC-Newton Fund #441244/2016-5 and FAPEMAT/0589267/2016; TWH was funded by National Science Foundation grant DEB-1556338.The 25-ha Long-Term Ecological Research Project of Amacayacu is a collaborative project of the Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi and the Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, in partnership with the Unidad de Manejo Especial de Parques Naturales Nacionales and the Center for Tropical Forest Science of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (CTFS). The Amacayacu Forest Dynamics Plot is part of the Center for Tropical Forest Science, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. We acknowledge the Director and staff of the Amacayacu National Park for supporting and maintaining the project in this National Park. ; Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed