Suchergebnisse

According to the last Ukrainian census in 2001, 152 thousand people declared Hungarianethnicity in Transcarpathia. Since that time, there is no reliable and up-to-date data on theethno-demographic development of the region's population. It is especially hard to register themigration flows particularly salient since the outbreak of the armed conflict in East Ukrainein 2014. Based on four data sources (official Ukrainian and Hungarian statistics and tworepresentative surveys), the present study aims at revealing the volume of the permanent andtemporary migration of Hungarians in Transcarpathia and its impact on their number. Wefound that the same migration flow is associated with various figures by each of the data sourcesconducted with different methods and by different actors. According to the more reliable surveys,9 to 14 thousand ethnic Hungarians emigrated from Transcarpathia since 2001; consequently,the number of Hungarians is estimated at approximately 130 thousand people in the beginningof 2017.

We present the blind Westerbork Coma Survey probing the H I content of the Coma galaxy cluster with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. The survey covers the inner ∼1 Mpc around the cluster centre, extending out to 1.5 Mpc towards the south-western NGC 4839 group. The survey probes the atomic gas in the entire Coma volume down to a sensitivity of ∼1019 cm−2 and 108 M⊙. Combining automated source finding with source extraction at optical redshifts and visual verification, we obtained 40 H I detections of which 24 are new. Over half of the sample displays perturbed H I morphologies indicative of an ongoing interaction with the cluster environment. With the use of ancillary UV and mid-IR, data we measured their stellar masses and star formation rates and compared the H I properties to a set of field galaxies spanning a similar stellar mass and star formation rate range. We find that ∼75% of H I-selected Coma galaxies have simultaneously enhanced star formation rates (by ∼0.2 dex) and are H I deficient (by ∼0.5 dex) compared to field galaxies of the same stellar mass. According to our toy model, the simultaneous H I deficiency and enhanced star formation activity can be attributed to either H I stripping of already highly star forming galaxies on a very short timescale, while their H2 content remains largely unaffected, or to H I stripping coupled to a temporary boost of the H I-to-H2 conversion, causing a brief starburst phase triggered by ram pressure before eventually quenching the galaxy. © ESO 2022. ; This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 679627; project name FORNAX). JMvdH and KMH acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 291531 ('HIStoryNU'). LC acknowledges support from the Australian Research Councils Discovery Project and Future Fellowship funding schemes (DP210100337,FT180100066). Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), through project number CE170100013. JH acknowledges research funding from the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory. MV acknowledges support by the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO) through VICI grant 016.130.338. KMH acknowledges funding from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" awarded to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709); from grant RTI2018-096228-B-C31 (Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities / State Agency for Research / European Regional Development Funds, European Union); and from the coordination of the participation in SKA-SPAIN, funded by the Ministry of Science and innovation (MICIN). ; Peer reviewed

BACKGROUND: Levels of physical activity and variation in physical activity and sedentary time by place and person in European children and adolescents are largely unknown. The objective of the study was to assess the variations in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents across Europe. METHODS: Six databases were systematically searched to identify pan-European and national data sets on physical activity and sedentary time assessed by the same accelerometer in children (2 to 9.9 years) and adolescents (≥10 to 18 years). We harmonized individual-level data by reprocessing hip-worn raw accelerometer data files from 30 different studies conducted between 1997 and 2014, representing 47,497 individuals (2-18 years) from 18 different European countries. RESULTS: Overall, a maximum of 29% (95% CI: 25, 33) of children and 29% (95% CI: 25, 32) of adolescents were categorized as sufficiently physically active. We observed substantial country- and region-specific differences in physical activity and sedentary time, with lower physical activity levels and prevalence estimates in Southern European countries. Boys were more active and less sedentary in all age-categories. The onset of age-related lowering or leveling-off of physical activity and increase in sedentary time seems to become apparent at around 6 to 7 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Two third of European children and adolescents are not sufficiently active. Our findings suggest substantial gender-, country- and region-specific differences in physical activity. These results should encourage policymakers, governments, and local and national stakeholders to take action to facilitate an increase in the physical activity levels of young people across Europe.

BACKGROUND: Levels of physical activity and variation in physical activity and sedentary time by place and person in European children and adolescents are largely unknown. The objective of the study was to assess the variations in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents across Europe. METHODS: Six databases were systematically searched to identify pan-European and national data sets on physical activity and sedentary time assessed by the same accelerometer in children (2 to 9.9¿years) and adolescents (=10 to 18¿years). We harmonized individual-level data by reprocessing hip-worn raw accelerometer data files from 30 different studies conducted between 1997 and 2014, representing 47, 497 individuals (2-18¿years) from 18 different European countries. RESULTS: Overall, a maximum of 29% (95% CI: 25, 33) of children and 29% (95% CI: 25, 32) of adolescents were categorized as sufficiently physically active. We observed substantial country- and region-specific differences in physical activity and sedentary time, with lower physical activity levels and prevalence estimates in Southern European countries. Boys were more active and less sedentary in all age-categories. The onset of age-related lowering or leveling-off of physical activity and increase in sedentary time seems to become apparent at around 6 to 7¿years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Two third of European children and adolescents are not sufficiently active. Our findings suggest substantial gender-, country- and region-specific differences in physical activity. These results should encourage policymakers, governments, and local and national stakeholders to take action to facilitate an increase in the physical activity levels of young people across Europe.