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Cover -- Half Title -- About the Book and Editor -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 THE SHIFTING ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN THE RURAL SOUTH -- PART I QUALITY OF LIFE ON THE FARM -- 2 SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN AGRICULTURE -- 3 DILEMMAS FACING MINORITY FARM OPERATORS IN AN AGRICULTURAL CRISIS -- 4 AFTER STRUCTURAL CHANGE: ARE PART-TIME OR FULL-TIME FARMERS BETTER OFF? -- 5 QUALITY OF LIFE PERCEPTIONS AND FARM STRUCTURE -- PART II THE DECLINE OF AGRICULTURE AS A LIVELIHOOD -- 6 TRENDS AND DIMENSIONS IN U.S. AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE -- 7 THE "DISAPPEARING MIDDLE" AND OTHER MYTHS OF THE CHANGING STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE -- 8 ENTRY INTO FARMING: IMPLICATIONS OP A DUAL AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE -- 9 DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY AMONG FARM OPERATORS IN NORTH CAROLINA -- 10 FACTORS IN THE SUCCESS AND SURVIVAL OF SMALLHOLDERS: A NORTH CAROLINA CASE STUDY -- 11 EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FARM LABOR AND AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE RELATIONSHIPS -- PART III COMMUNITY CHANGES STEMMING FROM THE AGRICULTURAL CRISIS -- 12 AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL COMMUNITY INTERDEPENDENCIES -- 13 AN ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY FORCES AND AGRICULTURAL CHANGE -- 14 THE CHANGING STRUCTURE OF FARMLAND OWNERSHIP IN THE SOUTH -- PART IV THE IMPACT OF OUTSIDE FORCES -- 15 MACROECONOMIC POLICY AND THE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURE -- 16 TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFUSION: EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY, STRUCTURE, FIRMS, AND MARKETS -- 17 THE NEED TO RETHINK AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN GENERAL AND TO PERFORM SOME RADICAL SURGERY ON COMMODITY PROGRAMS IN PARTICULAR -- 18 CONCLUSION: THE FUTURE OF FARMING IN THE SOUTH -- Subject Index -- Author Index -- Contributors.

AbstractCulture conditions the ability to organize to provide food security, but social organization is the immediate source of policies that prevent food insecurity or determine what happens when it does occur. Weather, war, terrorism, conflict, overpopulation, environmental degradation, corruption, and faulty policies have been identified as causes of food insecurity. Perhaps most of the blame for food insecurity should go to faulty policies or poor implementation of sound policy. This article identifies reasons for both kinds of failure that are linked to culture and social organization. The central task of government is to allow the food system to manage its own affairs, but policies must be ready to guide action when market, crop, or policy failures create food insecurity among those with no other means of coping with adversity.

Lahpet-Ye-Hsain, commonly referred to as "tea shops" or teahouses, are versatile establishments that serve as both dining places and social gathering spots. These micro-institutions are fundamental to Myanmar society at the local level, playing a significant role in daily social interactions, economic activities, and political discourse. Operated as private businesses and informal meeting spots, tea shops are primarily staffed by women who serve tea and food to a predominantly male clientele at various times of the day. The size of tea shops can vary, from small snack shops to larger establishments offering a wide range of menu options. In a typical small village tea shop, customers sit on footstools around small square tables, creating a space for sharing tea and food, and exchanging ideas, opinions, problems, hopes, and aspirations. Tea shops attract a diverse range of individuals, as they are known for their inclusive nature that welcomes people from all backgrounds and walks of life, although women are often on the periphery. Historically dominated by men, we suggest that empowering women's involvement in tea shops could positively impact their agency in other aspects of life, especially during political change. These micro-institutions serve as the initial connection point for residents in the village or neighborhood, traditionally catering to men but now increasingly broadened to women, newcomers, and young individuals exploring new opportunities.

AbstractRural women are often the main supporters of their families and have been involved in improving the quality of life for households and communities. Sustainable rural development and poverty reduction is linked to empowering women. Community groups are one mechanism for empowering women and fostering economic development in rural KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. For the poor, the ability to organize and mobilize to solve problems is crucial because collective capability assists in overcoming challenges arising from marginalization and limited resources. Even though considerable work has been done on the impact of institutional support for community groups, it is not well documented how the efforts of women's community groups actually lead to improved socioeconomic wellbeing. The results of the study elucidate the positive impact of female group membership as a mechanism for advancing livelihoods and socio‐economic wellbeing. Empowering women's groups as micro‐institutions of economic and social advancement is a fundamental tool for improving the well‐being of women and their children. The findings are intended to help institutions that work with women groups improve the impact and sustainability of these key mechanisms for development intervention.

AbstractGroup farming is an approach to aquacultural development where a relatively small number of individuals or families elect to produce fish as a collectively adopted activity. Cooperatively managed farm enterprises depend on various coordination mechanisms to initiate and sustain the production process. The paper examines selected structural and situational factors that affect decision making and continued operation of community‐managed fish ponds. Specific reference is made to a 22‐community rural development project in central Panama where ponds were constructed, extension assistance imparted, and aquacuhure is integrated with garden and animal enterprises. Community factionalism, property rights, sums differences, and the role of leadership are examined in terms of the viability of group farming and the long‐term sustainability of community‐managed enterprises.RésuméĽarticle pone sur un essai de développement de ľaquaculture par une formule coopérative dans laquelle un petit nombre ?individus ou de families s'associent pour la production. La gestion coopérative de ces fermes suppose des mecanismes de coordination: ľarticle analyse les facteurs structuraux etcontextuels qui affectent la prise de décision et le travail journalier. Ľarticle est basé sur un projet de développement au Panama central qui conceme 22 communautés rurales pour lesquelles des bassins ont été construits, auxquelles on a fourni une assistance technique, et oùľaquaculture est intégrée à des productions horticoles et animates. Ľauteur envisage aussi ľimpact sur la viabilityéà long terme de ces coopératives de facteurs tels que les divisions sociales internes, les droits de propriété, et les différences de statut et ?autorité.KurzfassungGruppenlandwirtschaft ist ein Ansatz zur Entwicklung der Fischwirtschaft, indem eine relativ kleine Zahl von Individuen oder Familien sich dafür entscheidet, in gemeinsam verantworteter Tätigkeit Fische zu produzieren. Gemeinschaftlich geführte landwirtschaftliche‐ Unternehmen sind auf verschiedene Abstimmungsmechanismen zur Einrichtung und Aufrechterhaltung des Produktionsprozesses angewiesen. In dem Beitrag werden ausgewählte strukturelle und situative Faktoren untersucht, die auf die Entscheidungsfindung und die kontinuierliche Bewirtschaftung gemeinschaftlich unterhaltener Fischteiche einwirken. Es wird Bezug genommen auf ein 22 Gemeinden umfassendes ländliches EntwickJungsprojekt in Zentralpanama, wo Teiche errichtet, Beratungshilfe gewährt und die Fischwirtschaft in Gartenbau‐ und Viehzuchtbetriebe integriert wurden. Örtliche Parteienbildungen, Eigentumsrechte, Statusunterschiede und die Rolle von Führern werden im Hinblick auf die Lebensfähigkeit von Gruppenlandwinschaft und die langfristige Aufrechterhaltung gemeinschaftlich gefühner Unternehmungen untersucht.