Suchergebnisse

A Constituição da República de Moçambique e a legislação específica garantem aos moçambicanos liberdades várias, nomeadamente a liberdade de associação, de manifestação, de expressão, de imprensa e o direito à informação. A criação de associações, comummente chamadas organizações da sociedade civil, é encorajada, mas ao mesmo tempo suas ações não parecem ser tão livres como consagra a lei. O Estado conserva o direito ao controle, à limitação e à repressão de movimentos populares que, supostamente, coloquem em causa a segurança estatal, a ordem e a tranquilidade públicas. Este ensaio olha para a configuração, ações e composição dos movimentos sociais e da sociedade civil moçambicana e conclui que, embora nos últimos tempos se tenha verificado um relativo fortalecimento, a fragilidade que caracteriza a sociedade civil moçambicana continua evidente – devido também ao próprio contexto social, político e económico vigente em Moçambique. Por outro lado, a capacidade da sociedade civil moçambicana de ocupar o espaço público e promover a cidadania é deveras reduzida.

PhD Thesis in Postcolonialisms and Global Citizenship (Sociology) and presented to the Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra. ; Adopting a transdisciplinary approach, this thesis explains current land struggles in southern Africa by offering an intimate account of the nature of agrarian movements, their ideological basis, social base, leadership, tactics and strategies as well as identity processes. Based on qualitative research, this study builds upon social and human science methodologies to draw information through oral testimonies with ordinary citizens and societal leaders, as well as documentary evidence, to delineate the nexus between neoliberal agrarian policies, rural politics and rural agency in Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe. This multi-spatial dimension allows me to identify a diversity of agrarian questions and the various nuances of rural politics in the region. While in Mozambique the study addresses rural struggle against a capitalist agrarian extractivist project, the result of an alliance between the government and agrarian capital, in South Africa the struggle studied is focused on land owned by a Protestant church of German origin, while in Zimbabwe I focus on a form of emancipatory alternative to agrarian capitalism. In southern Africa, a region that widely experienced settler colonialism, rural people's agency played a crucial role in the overall process of liberation and emancipation. This because the most direct forms of colonial oppression were harshest in rural areas (for example, forced labour, culture imposition, expropriation, punishment, colonial tax, among others). In the current period of neoliberalism, rural politics continue to occupy a central place in national politics. The thesis places emphasis on the countryside, where the introduction of neoliberal agrarian policies and the contradictions derived from their implementation shaped new agrarian (power) relations, especially in terms of access to and control of both the means and the processes of production. This ...

Conference Paper No.56 ; The ProSAVANA program is one of the public policies that clearly expose the tendency of governmental politics towards market-oriented agricultural development in Mozambique. Nevertheless, it configures itself as one of, if not the most contested agrarian public policy in the country since independence in 1975. Going throughout changing of regimes, from colonial, then going through a socialist driven government to adopting a market-oriented approach roughly after only a decade of socialism, we argue that State agricultural policies and vision has always been inimical to the peasantry, although the rhetoric was generally portrayed as in favor of the poorest rural populations. ProSAVANA emerges from the same discourses and is embedded in an authoritarian populist regime operated by FRELIMO, which as we argue in this paper, was built and consolidated since independence. In this paper, we attempt a deep analysis of how, a resistance movement that was built through agency of rural constituencies in alliance with a broader civil society sector, have been confronting Mozambique's populist and authoritarian rural politics through the lens of the ProSAVANA program.

Klappentext: We are witnessing a worldwide resurgence of reactionary nationalist, religious, racist, and antifeminist ideologies and movements, as well as a rapid process of global de-democratization. Nevertheless, most studies remain tied to a methodological nationalism, while comparative research is almost exclusively limited to European countries and the USA. But authoritarian transformations in the Global South and the struggles against them have not only been at least as dramatic as in the North, they also often date back longer - and have been studied and theorized by Southern scholars for many years. Twenty scholar-activists from the Global South show in their in-depth studies how national processes of authoritarian capitalism have undermined political systems on a global scale.