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ContentsAnthropocene and Cosmopolitan Citizenship: An Essay on European Foreign PolicyChapter 1 - An Emerging Political Ideology: FederalismChapter 2 - An Emerging Political Ideology: EcologismChapter 3 - The Post-Westphalian DisorderChapter 4 - The Failure of InternationalismChapter 5 - Peace, War and the Evolution of FederalismChapter 6 - Security as a Global Public GoodChapter 7 - Europe, Patriotism and CosmopolitanismChapter 8 - Money and Finance as Global Public GoodsChapter 9 - The Earth ConstitutionChapter 10 - Europe and Cosmopolitan CitizenshipConclusionReferencesIndex

Anthropocene and Cosmopolitan Citizenship criticizes the Westphalia system of international relations and, as an alternative, proposes cosmopolitan citizenship. The book offers a critique of the theory of international relations based on the Westphalian system and the principle of national sovereignty. At the end of the Second World War, the two superpowers agreed on a new international order that, to this day, has prevented a new world war. This era is over. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the economic and political affirmation of new international powers - such as China, India and Brazil - have generated a multipolar world, in which growing tensions between great and small powers are manifested, up to the threat of nuclear war. To this threat, a second one has been added: the possible collapse of the biosphere, an epoch called the Anthropocene, because the pollution of nature is suffocating the life of every living species on the Planet, including Homo sapiens. The United Nations can be viewed as the first step towards a post-Westphalian system, and the European Union represents an alternative model for peaceful relationships among national peoples. The book's methodology draws on an interdisciplinary relationship between social sciences and nature sciences to provide a European foreign policy strategy that shows how the European Union can play a crucial role in current international politics, helping build a just world in harmony with nature, including by calling for a Global Green Deal and an Earth Constitution. The integration of the national peoples of the European Union shows that supranational citizenship is possible and that national independence is compatible with peaceful international interdependence. The author explores how this can be achieved and how alternatives have failed, with reference to federalism, ecologism, liberalism, democracy, socialism, nationalism, security and patriotism. This book will be of interest to scholars of international relations and European studies and activists, including ecologists, young people, federalists and members of political parties.

The supranational approach to political economy -- International political economy and supranational political economy -- From the cold war to global disorder -- The policy levers of the global economy -- Lessons from the past -- The federal state and Hamilton's problem -- European integration and the supranational principle -- Supranational institutions for the global economy -- Technology, work and the anthropocene -- Capitalism, finance and inequalities -- Global governance -- Index.

With the ending of the Cold War and the rise of a nationalistic 'America First' strategy, the post-war liberal international order, based upon the hegemonic power of the USA, is fading away. In its place, a multipolar world is emerging which, while offering some the hope of a better future, is also open to disorder and instability. This book offers an insight into the relationship between politics and economics in this new era. As an alternative, this volume argues for a form of global governance that will offer a better balance between politics and economics, based on a supranational approach. A supranational approach in which world powers and UN member states can work in agreement would follow the principle on which European political and economic integration was built. The system put forward here is based on a Keynesian world clearing union and a reform of the World Trade Organization and a United Nations budget, which would accelerate the convergence of rich and poor countries in the aim of a more sustainable global system. This book demonstrates that globalisations and today's ecological challenges are both a cause of social discontent and an opportunity. Supranational institutions can greatly increase our ability to address global risks, and this book shows how a 'supranational' world order could reduce the uncertainty of the transition from the post-war order to the future multipolar order.The supranational principle enables us to view globalisation, world capitalism and the ecological crisis not only as causes of inequality, poverty and social instability, but also as processes that can be governed. Wise politicians and political parties cannot let the future of humanity be decided by the precarious equilibrium of the Westphalia system. In post-war Europe a group of nation states, once fierce enemies, embarked on a process of integration which led to the abolition of inter-European national borders. With supranational global governance, the same could be achieved in the global system.

Il libro di Kevin Rudd su "La guerra evitabile", oltre a offrire un'ottima rassegna dei rapporti e delle tensioni tra Usa e Cina, permette di sviluppare alcune riflessioni sul futuro del nuovo ordine internazionale, sconvolto da conflitti drammatici, come quello guerra in Ucraina e nel Medio Oriente. Rudd propone una "competizione strategica gestita" tra Stati Uniti e Cina per consentire una soluzione pacifica delle controversie, in primis quella riguardante il futuro di Taiwan. Il recente incontro dei BRICS (23 agosto 2023) consente di ampliare questa prospettiva ai rapporti tra Nord e Sud, grazie alla proposta dei Paesi BRICS per un "Multilateralismo Inclusivo". Se, oltre ai conflitti politici tra Stati, consideriamo anche i problemi creati dalla crisi ambientale – che minaccia la sopravvivenza di molte specie animali, tra cui l'Homo sapiens – la proposta di un multipolarismo inclusivo rafforza la linea di pensiero sviluppata da Rudd. Una forma di coesistenza pacifica tra grandi e piccole potenze per salvare la vita sul pianeta non è un'utopia o il sogno di un ingenuo ottimista.

Il trattato di Jürgen Renn sull'evoluzione della conoscenza presenta una sintesi di numerosi studi sul contesto storico-sociale del concetto di "rivoluzione scientifica", proposto da Kuhn (1962). Una rivoluzione scientifica è il momento culminante di una fase di incubazione ed è seguita da una fase di istituzionalizzazione. Questo saggio discute alcuni concetti (civiltà e Stato, nazionalismo e sovranità, Stato e rivoluzione, Antropocene e cosmopo-litanismo) necessari allo scienziato sociale per affrontare le sfide contemporanee dell'Antropocene.

Political parties inspired by the values of liberalism, democracy and socialism no longer appear to be capable of conceiving long-term projects for their fellow citizens and humanity. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, large and small powers entered into a sordid struggle for world supremacy, sparking both local and global conflicts, and heralding the return of nationalism as a dominant ideology. This essay sets out to demonstrate that the posited "end of ideology" is groundless: traditional ideologies are unable to envisage a future of progress because they passively submit to the ideology of the absolute sovereignty of states and the just war to defend national interests. The future of humanity is threatened by a new arms race – regarding both nuclear and conventional weapons - to which governments are dedicating vast amounts of money; money which should actually be invested in saving the planet from global warming and the sixth extinction of animal species now under way. The path taken by the people of Europe, with the construction of the first supranational Union in history, should be a source of inspiration for formulating the policies necessary to construct a world order based on peaceful cooperation between states and to ensure that all citizens of the world enjoy the same rights of freedom and solidarity that, albeit imperfectly, have been achieved in Europe. Human progress is a utopia that can become a reality.

I partiti politici che si ispirano ai valori del liberalismo, della democrazia e del socialismo non riescono più a concepire un progetto di lungo periodo per i propri concittadini e per l'umanità. Dopo il crollo del Muro di Berlino, grandi e piccole potenze hanno avviato una sordida lotta per la supremazia mondiale, alimentando conflitti locali e globali, e il ritorno del nazionalismo come ideologia dominante. In questo saggio si intende mostrare che la tesi sulla "fine delle ideologie" è infondata: le ideologie tradizionali sono incapaci di progettare un futuro di progresso perché subiscono passivamente l'ideologia della sovranità assoluta degli stati e della guerra giusta per difendere gli interessi nazionali. Il futuro dell'umanità è minacciato da una nuova corsa agli armamenti nucleari e convenzionali, ai quali i governi dedicano immense risorse, che dovrebbero invece servire per salvare il Pianeta dal surriscaldamento climatico, dallo sterminio della vita animale e vegetale e dalle pandemie. La via intrapresa dai popoli europei, con la costruzione della prima Unione sovranazionale della storia, dovrebbe ispirare anche le politiche necessarie per la costruzione di un ordine mondiale fondato sulla cooperazione pacifica tra stati e l'avvio di politiche che si propongano di consentire ai cittadini del mondo di godere dei medesimi diritti di libertà e solidarietà che, seppure imperfettamente, si sono realizzati in Europa. Il progresso dell'umanità è un'utopia positiva che può diventare realtà.