Suchergebnisse

This note addresses the following questions: what the relative price levels are of SR (statutory rationing in the urban areas of Bangladesh) and MR (modified rationing in the rural areas) grain when compared to market grain, and how these have changed since the mid-1970s; how relative prices affect ration offtake, whether the relative price is the only determining factor etc. (DÜI-Sen)

Urban design activities, thus designated, fall into three categories: 1) public aspects of architecture and landscape architecture that should normally be a routine part of the practice; (2) analytical and budget preparation aspects of the formulation of metropolitan and regional policies that provide for design without being designed; and 3) the current modeling and design of what is unprecedented, large-scale units that increasingly dominate the urban scene.The third category, the unique aréa of urban design, requires skills and responses to different determinants to omit both the first category (architecture) and the second category (analysis and urban planning).Specialization in each field is required. ; Las actividades de diseño urbano, así designadas, se dividen en tres categorías: 1) aspectos públicos de la arquitectura y de la arquitectura paisajista que normalmente deben ser una parte rutinaria de la práctica; 2) aspectos analíticos y de preparación de presupuesto de la formulación de politicas metropolitanas y regionales que proveen para diseño sin ser diseño; y 3) el modelado y diseño actual de lo que no tiene precedente, unidades a gran escala que crecientemente dominan la escena urbana. La tercera categoría, el aréa singular del diseño urbano, requiere destrezas y respuestas a determinantes diferentes omitir tanto la primera categoría (arquitectura) como la segunda categoría (análisis y planificación urbana). Es necesaria la especialización en cada campo.

Although the rate of land use for agriculture as a percentage of total area of the different islands varies tremendously, we have no operable definition of arable area, and therefore cannot determine how much of the arable area is being used agriculturally. We cannot begin to define when a "limit" to land use occurs. Even in certain parts of Jawa and Bali, increases in land use were found between the censuses, although 40 per cent to 50 per cent were already being used for agriculture.

Objective This study evaluated the hazard (risk of unrecovered balance loss and hazardous fall) and strategies associated with grab bar use, compared to no grab bar use, during unexpected balance loss initiated whilst exiting a bathtub. Background While independent bathing is critical for maintaining self-sufficiency, injurious falls during bathing transfer tasks are common. Grab bars are recommended to support bathing tasks, but no evidence exists regarding fall prevention efficacy. Method Sixty-three adults completed a hazardous bathtub transfer task, experiencing an unpredictable external balance perturbation while stepping from a slippery bathtub to a dry surface. Thirty-two were provided a grab bar, while 31 had no grab bar available. Slips and grab bar use were recorded via four video cameras. Slip occurrence and strategy were identified by two independent video coders. Results Participants who had a grab bar were 75.8% more likely to recover their balance during the task than those who did not have a grab bar. Successful grab bar grasp was associated with balance recovery in all cases. Attempts to stabilize using other environmental elements, or using internal strategies only, were less successful balance recovery strategies. Grab bar presence appeared to cue use of the environment for stability. Proactive grasp and other strategies modified grasping success. Conclusion Grab bars appear to provide effective support for recovery from unexpected balance loss. Grab bar presence may instigate development of fall prevention strategies prior to loss of balance. Application Bathroom designs with grab bars may reduce frequency of fall-related injuries during bathing transfer tasks.