Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Liste des encadrés -- Liste des tableaux -- Liste des figures -- Liste des abréviations -- Remerciements -- Introduction -- 1. Le cadeau, une pratique universelle et ancestrale -- 2. Le cadeau qui corrompt -- 3. L'éthique comme remède au scandale -- Chapitre 1 -- Capter et libérer la parole des élus -- 1. Registre des déclarations de dons, de marques d'hospitalité et d'autres avantages -- 2. Sondage auprès des parlementaires et d'anciens parlementaires -- 3. Entretiens semi-dirigés avec des parlementaires -- 4. Analyse des données -- Chapitre 2 -- On ne reçoit rien pour rien

Pour certains, les cadeaux sont perçus avec méfiance et sont assimilés à une tentative d'influence ou de corruption. Pour d'autres, le fait de ne pas donner un cadeau à un élu qui nous reçoit est perçu comme un manque de respect. Cet ouvrage met en lumière une pratique courante, et pourtant méconnue de la vie politique : la réception de cadeaux par les élus.

The 2018 election marked an organisational change for major political parties in Québec. They have all massively integrated data-driven campaigning practices. This article identifies factors that could explain the increasing pressure to regulate Québec's political parties' uses of large sets of digital voter information. Québec presents an interesting case to study the effects of data-driven campaigning of parties operating in a parliamentary system where privacy protection rules are limited. Based on semi-directed interviews conducted with strategists from the major parties, it also stresses important intra-party changes and challenges for party democracy.

Abstract
This research note reports on a new dataset about legislators in four Canadian provinces since the establishment of their colonial assemblies in the eighteenth century. Over 7,000 legislators from Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia are included, with consolidated information drawn from multiple sources about parliamentarians' years of birth and death, religion, electoral performance, kinship, and several other biographical indicators. We also illustrate the utility of such data with the help of a few descriptive examples drawn from the four provinces. We believe this consolidated dataset offers several opportunities for future research on representation, legislative activities and party politics.

Background:
Although lawmakers play an essential role in policymaking, there is no systematic review on the use of research evidence in legislatures.
Aims and objectives:
To examine types of research use and factors facilitating and hindering use in legislatures.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic review of studies in legislatures, regardless of geographical region or year of publication. We included empirical studies irrespective of the methodology employed. Thematic synthesis was used to synthesise the type of use and the facilitating and hindering factors to using research evidence in parliaments. We included 21 studies.
Findings:
The most frequently observed type of utilisation was the use for symbolic or tactical purposes. Forms of use specific to legislatures were also identified, such as to prepare questions and debates and to help build consensus. Four categories of factors seen as facilitators or barriers were found: institution and organisation, research characteristics, policy and political context, and individual characteristics. Some factors had already been identified in previous reviews, while others seem to apply exclusively to legislatures.
Discussion and conclusions:
The review identified types of use of research evidence observed in legislatures and developed a new categorisation of factors that may promote or hinder evidence use in this institutional setting. It highlighted a need for more research beyond the US, in unicameral legislatures and in countries with a parliamentary form of government. Content analysis of parliamentary debates in legislative assembly or committee to examine the use of research evidence seems to be underused.