Suchergebnisse

AbstractWhile artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to transform individual lives, business operations, and public services, there has been a lack of discussion concerning its role in contributing to social good. Both academic research and practical evidence have often compellingly predicted and suggested AI's potential impact on the labor market, industry, and services, as well as the risks and benefits of disruptive technologies. With an emphasis on understanding the complex and uncertain nature of AI as well as the disparities in its benefits, in this article, the logic of participatory governance is examined, and it is posited that this governance is an appropriate governing mechanism for an inclusive AI that contributes to social good. This study also offers a set of policy recommendations by reviewing selected cases and the challenges that policy‐makers face at the national and global levels.

AbstractGovernments are being put to the test as they struggle with the fast and wide spread of COVID‐19. This article discusses the compelling challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic by examining how this wicked problem has been managed by the South Korean government with agile‐adaptive, transparent actions to mitigate the surge of COVID‐19. Unlike many Western countries, South Korea has been able to contain the spread of COVID‐19 without a harsh forced lockdown of the epicenter of the virus. This essay argues that an agile‐adaptive approach, a policy of transparency in communicating risk, and citizens' voluntary cooperation are critical factors. It also suggests that the South Korean government learned costly lessons from the MERS failure of 2015. This essay suggests ways that Western countries can manage future wicked problems such as COVID‐19 without paying too much cost and maintaining quality of life in open and free societies.

Revisiting the concept and typology of co-production, this study discusses web-based co-production and crowdsourcing of public services, in particular, how information communication technology changes the nature of co-production and how citizens and governments collaborate in designing and producing public services. With the advent of social media and continued development of web technologies, for example, open government initiatives taken by many countries facilitate web-based interaction between citizens and governments. Linking traditional co-production with web-based co-production, we propose and discuss four different types of web-based co-production characterized by the roles of citizens and governments in the design and delivery of public services. We provide illustrations of each type through selected cases and then discuss policy implications.

The Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) has been presenting a series of public policies to promote its Sharing City Initiative (SCI) since 2012. The initiative promotes many sharing programs that are aimed at providing opportunities to those who are in need of cars and public facilities such as parking facilities, convention facilities, and public libraries. This study examines the potential contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) to sustainable development and investigates the government's role in the sharing economy based on the SCI undertaken by the SMG. Based on selected cases, this study suggests that the sharing economy is not necessarily purely market driven but can often be promoted and utilized by governments as a policy instrument for both economic and social goals. The findings of this study demonstrate that the underprivileged could be a target beneficiary group of a sharing economy if a government specifically designs a sharing economy project like the SCI. It is also important for governments to use government funding such as subsidies to initially promote the sharing economy project as well as to establish a supportive legal framework to overcome existing laws which often constrain sharing economy activities. Governments need to establish partnerships with various stakeholders including private enterprises, social enterprises, and NGOs as well as other local governments to take advantage of the economy of scale of a sharing economy. Lastly, this study shows that a government-driven sharing economy project can help to make governments more transparent and accountable if governments actively open their data to promote a sharing economy.

Information technology has become one of the core elements of managerial reform, and electronic government (e‐government) may figure prominently in future governance. This study is designed to examine the rhetoric and reality of e‐government at the municipal level. Using data obtained from the 2000 E‐government Survey conducted by International City/County Management Association and Public Technologies Inc., the article examines the current state of municipal e‐government implementation and assesses its perceptual effectiveness. This study also explores two institutional factors (size and type of government) that contribute to the adoption of e‐government among municipalities. Overall, this study concludes that e‐government has been adopted by many municipal governments, but it is still at an early stage and has not obtained many of expected outcomes (cost savings, downsizing, etc.) that the rhetoric of e‐government has promised. The study suggests there are some widely shared barriers (lack of financial, technical, and personnel capacities) and legal issues (such as privacy) to the progress of municipal e‐government. This study also indicates that city size and manager‐council government are positively associated with the adoption of a municipal Web site as well as the longevity of the Web site.

This article reviews the concept of cultural governance. Three cases of cultural governance are examined including the Scientific and Cultural Facilities District (SCFD) in Colorado, the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District (MZPMD) in Missouri, and the Allegheny Regional Asset District (ARAD) in Pennsylvania. This study shows that cultural governance has emerged as an innovative and effective institutional and financial arrangement that supports local and regional cultural activities. It also suggests that the successful performance of cultural governance relies on strategic coalitions between cultural stake-holders, healthy city-county partnerships, and stable funding mechanisms.

Introduction / Chung-in Moon and M. Jae Moon -- Political institutions in Korea / Yoojin Lim and Jungho Roh -- Political culture and behavior / Ji-yoon Kim -- Political process : elections, interest group politics, and mass media / Jong-sung You -- Political parties / Yoonkyung Lee -- Political leadership / Sangyoung Rhyu -- Political polarization : regionalism, ideology, and generational changes / Wook Kim -- Korean foreign policy : a historical overview / Ki-jung Kim -- Korean foreign and national security policy : actors, structure, and process / Jong-Yun Bae -- National defense / Young-geun Kwon -- Unification policy / Sangkeun Lee and Chung-in Moon -- National Iitelligence / Chung-in Moon and Woong Chun -- Managing North Korea / Yong-ho Kim -- Managing big powers / John Delury -- ROK and the middle power diplomacy / Yul Sohn -- Korean civil service systems from recruitment to retirement / Sungjoo Choi -- Public service motivation in Korea / Chansu Jung and Seeun Ryu -- Performance management in Korea / Jungwook Lee -- Citizen participation in Korea / Younhee Kim -- E-government and digital governance / M. Jae Moon and Jooho Lee -- Korean public finance / Chul Liu and Kangkoo Lee -- Public trust and transparency in Korea / Kwangho Jung -- Public corporations and quasi-government organizations in Korea / Sanghee Park -- Korean economic policies / Heonjoo Jung -- Korean social welfare policies / Jaejin Yang -- Korean environmental policies / Kyungjun Yun and T.J. Lah -- Korean information and communication technology policies / Samyoul Lee -- Korean science and technology policies / Eunjung Shin and Eric Welch -- Korean health policies / Do Hyung Kim, Soojin Min and Hyoungah Kim.

"The Routledge Handbook of Korean Politics and Public Administration gathers the expertise of leading international scholars to survey the full spectrum of contemporary South Korean Politics, Public Management, and Public Policies. Divided into four parts, the handbook covers a range of issues including: Domestic Korean political parties, elections and leadership Foreign policy, national security and relations with North Korea Public administration, governance and finance Economic, social and environmental public policies Offering a complete overview of the field, the handbook is an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, policy analysts, graduate and undergraduate students studying South Korean Politics and International Relations as well as East Asian Politics"--

AbstractThe assumption of new public management (NPM) that governments can lower costs and improve service quality through a market mechanism, such as competition, has been under debate over several decades. To test the NPM assumption, this study investigates the effects of contracting out on cost savings by analysing municipal solid waste management data collected in 25 local governments in the Republic of Korea over a period of 14 years. Contrary to the NPM assumption, this study suggests that contracting out does not necessarily result in cost savings but rather causes additional financial burden on citizens.Points for practitioners
Government officials are strongly encouraged to critically review market‐based managerial reforms.
Government officials need to assess both benefits and costs of contracting‐out practices prior to any outsourcing or privatisation decisions.
Government officials need to make evidence‐based policy decisions and long‐term financial implications from the perspective of citizens.