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Presidents Warren Harding (1921-1923) and Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929) oversaw one of the most successful and productive economic periods in American history between 1921 and 1928. They attempted to reverse key elements of the statism introduced into the American economy between 1900 and 1920. Their policies incentivized private-sector growth and improved the circumstances of the vast majority of American citizens. Largely undone by the New Deal and then forgotten, Harding's policies merit renewed attention because they guided the country out of recession and into prosperity in a remarkably short period. Both Harding and Coolidge aimed to reduce government's role in the nation's economy even as the country modernized after WWI. Both men clearly expressed their goals and objectives in speeches. They translated their vision into reality through a number of clear legislative initiatives. The national economic results from 1921-1928 demonstrate that their efforts succeeded, particularly in comparisons with the economy immediately before and after their terms. Adapted from the source document.

Methodology Seventeen nursing homes in Ireland were recruited to take part in this research.Ownership varies with seven private homes and ten Health Service Executive (HSE) administered homes involved. The homes were surveyed between May 2007 andNovember 2008. The methodology consisted of the following three elements: A building survey to establish fire safety facilities: An analysis of fire related documentation: Interviews with staff to establish existing fire safety procedures. Results None of the seventeen nursing homes showed an adequate ability to prevent fire or evacuate residents to a place of safety. None of the nursing homes carried out adequate fire risk assessments. None of the nursing homes prevented fire doors being left open. Only one nursing home fully complied with relevant codes of practice in terms of construction and required fire safety facilities. Only one nursing home had a sufficient standard of compartmentation to allow the movement of residents to a relatively safer part of the building to await rescue. However there were positive results such as the fact that all the homes had adequate automatic fire detection and alarm and emergency lighting systems installed and had carried out tests and maintenance on these systems to some extent. One home had routinely carried out all these required tests. Escape routes were found to be clear of obstructions and the standard of storage was high. Staff had received training in fire safety and they were found to be motivated and receptive to improving fire prevention and evacuation. Sample frame extrapolation The number of nursing homes surveyed in this research was 17. This represents a small percentage (0.03%) of the overall number of nursing homes in Ireland (approximately 586). This presents statistical difficulties when attempting to extrapolate to the rest of the country. Until a follow up survey using the same methodology is carried out on a representative sample of national nursing homes, it is not possible to predict if the research sample performance is replicated throughout Ireland. However it should be remembered that the results apply to the 17 nursing homes in question and in this regard are statistically significant for that sample (p=<0.05). Speculating on the extrapolation accuracy is therefore far too difficult to achieve meaningful conclusions. However the findings of the research should not be ignored on the basis that national fire safety performance cannot be assessed. Whilst the research did not set out to achieve national representation, the results should still be theoretically applied to Ireland given the potential scale of injury and fatalities due to inadequate fire safety management. Recommendations A larger sample of nursing homes needs to be surveyed using the same methodology to statistically assess the scale of the problem. A standardised fire risk assessment methodology and evacuation protocol should be adopted and all staff in nursing homes trained to this standard. Research is needed on the ratio of staff to residents required for successful evacuation together with a cost benefit analysis on the use of sprinklers. There is a need for a memorandum of understanding between relevant Government Departments to establish responsibility for the effective enforcement of fire safety management and evacuation procedures in Irish nursing homes.

Through the lens of the precautionary principle, this essay evaluates Germany's decision to prematurely phase-out nuclear power in light of the Fukushima Daiichi crisis in March 2011. Leading up to the crisis, nuclear power, which accounts for one-quarter of Germany's electricity supply, was viewed by the German government as a low-carbon 'bridge technology' to help the country transition into a fully renewable political economy. The crisis changed this view, though, and led Germany's Ethics Commission on Safe Energy Supply to quickly dismiss nuclear power's many important benefits. After analyzing the Commission's post-Fukushima report, this essay concludes that the phase-out decision represents a misguided and potentially damaging interpretation of the precautionary principle.

The passage and implementation of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and distribution of more than $700 billion in funds to federal, state, county, and city governments and agencies by the Obama Administration has highlighted the role of public administrators in preventing and detecting fraud, waste, and abuse in government programs. Preventing and detecting fraud, waste, and abuse begins at home. Public administrators must be keenly aware of how these issues are addressed in their own agencies and must lead by example. In addition to the code of conduct, there must be a separate fraud policy in place that addresses how employees should comply with all laws and regulations, stresses the importance of maintaining accurate books and records, and directs how payments are made to contractors. Public administrators must be aware that creating and maintaining a positive workplace environment is critical. Adapted from the source document.