From dictatorship to democracy: the US and regime change in Paraguay, 1954?1994
In: Bulletin of Latin American research: the journal of the Society for Latin American Studies (SLAS), Band 17, Heft 1, S. 59-79
ISSN: 1470-9856
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In: Bulletin of Latin American research: the journal of the Society for Latin American Studies (SLAS), Band 17, Heft 1, S. 59-79
ISSN: 1470-9856
In: The Journal of social, political and economic studies, Band 21, Heft 2, S. 115-140
ISSN: 0278-839X, 0193-5941
Examines reasons for the increasing drug trafficking operations in Brazil & the Southern Cone (SC) -- Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay -- since the mid-1980s. The US war on drugs (at the source of the problem) occurred in two phases -- 1984-1986 & 1989-1991 -- both of which focused on the Andes region of Latin America. It is suggested that the drug trade shift from the Andean region to Brazil & the SC was due to the balloon effect: with increased pressure from US antidrug operations, drug trafficking was shifted to an area of less resistance. Brazil & the SC were regions of vulnerable socioeconomic & political conditions, with weak antinarcotic law enforcement. Though a third phase is developing, it is argued that US efforts to attack drug trafficking will exacerbate it by forcing drugs into more regions where there is less counternarcotic interference, resulting in an increase in drug consumption levels & violence. 1 Table. C. Haywood
In: Gerontechnology: international journal on the fundamental aspects of technology to serve the ageing society, Band 11, Heft 2
ISSN: 1569-111X
In: Gerontechnology: international journal on the fundamental aspects of technology to serve the ageing society, Band 11, Heft 2
ISSN: 1569-111X
The uncertainty generated by Brexit has motivated us to prepare a comic that explains in an educative and informative way the different options that Europeans and their families have available to minimise the impact of Brexit. Concept and story by Francisco de la Mora and Ernesto Priego. Art by Ricardo Peláez. Second page text and information by Manuel Padilla Behar. The text in the comic was translated from the original Spanish into English by Ernesto Priego. Graphic design by Daniela Rocha. With special thanks to Helen Calderon for proofreading and feedback.
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18 pags, 11 figs, 1 tab ; Observations of gas-phase iodine species were made during a field campaign in the eastern Pacific marine boundary layer (MBL). The Climate and Halogen Reactivity Tropical Experiment (CHARLEX) in the Galápagos Islands, running from September 2010 to present, is the first long-term ground-based study of trace gases in this region. Observations of gas-phase iodine species were made using long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (LP-DOAS), multi-axis DOAS (MAX-DOAS), and resonance and off-resonance fluorescence by lamp excitation (ROFLEX). These measurements were supported by ancillary measurements of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and meteorological variables. Selective halocarbon and ultrafine aerosol concentration measurements were also made. MAX-DOAS observations of iodine monoxide (IO) display a weak seasonal variation. The maximum differential slant column density was 3.81013 molecule cm-2 (detection limit ∼7×10 12 molecule cm-2). The seasonal variation of reactive iodine IOx (= I + IO) is stronger, peaking at 1.6 pptv during the warm season (February-April). This suggests a dependence of the iodine sources on the annual cycle in sea surface temperature, although perturbations by changes in ocean surface iodide concentration and solar radiation are also possible. An observed negative correlation of IOxwith chlorophyll-a indicates a predominance of abiotic sources. The low IO mixing ratios measured (below the LP-DOAS detection limit of 0.9 pptv) are not consistent with satellite observations if IO is confined to the MBL. The IOx loading is consistent with the observed absence of strong ozone depletion and nucleation events, indicating a small impact of iodine chemistry on these climatically relevant factors in the eastern Pacific MBL. © 2012. American Geophysical Union. ; This work was funded by the Spanish Research Council, the Regional Government of Castilla-La Mancha, and the National Institute of Aerospace and Technology. The authors are grateful to Dora Gruber, the Harbor Master and the City Council of Puerto Villamil, and the Galapagos National Park (Research project PC-03-10) for logistic support. S.M.M. acknowledges the NERC (UK) for a research studentship. The halocarbon measurements were supported by the European Commission (SHIVA-226224-FP7-ENV-2008-1). ; Peer reviewed
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The NEXT collaboration: et al. ; The Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC (NEXT) searches for the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 136Xe using high-pressure xenon gas TPCs with electroluminescent amplification. A scaled-up version of this technology with about 1 tonne of enriched xenon could reach in less than 5 years of operation a sensitivity to the half-life of 0νββ decay better than 1027 years, improving the current limits by at least one order of magnitude. This prediction is based on a well-understood background model dominated by radiogenic sources. The detector concept presented here represents a first step on a compelling path towards sensitivity to the parameter space defined by the inverted ordering of neutrino masses, and beyond. ; The NEXT Collaboration acknowledges support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under the Advanced Grant 339787-NEXT; the European Union's Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) under the Grant Agreements No. 674896, 690575 and 740055; the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain under grants FIS2014-53371-C04, RTI2018-095979, the Severo Ochoa Program grants SEV-2014-0398 and CEX2018-000867-S, and the María de Maeztu Program MDM2016-0692; the Generalitat Valenciana of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2016/120 and SEJI/2017/011; the Portuguese FCT under project PTDC/FIS-NUC/2525/2014 and under projects UID/FIS/04559/2020 to fund the activities of LIBPhys-UC; the Pazy Foundation (Israel) under grants 877040 and 877041; the US Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-06CH11357 (Argonne National Laboratory), DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M) and DE-SC0019223 / DE-SC0019054 (University of Texas at Arlington); and the University of Texas at Arlington. DGD acknowledges support from the Ramón y Cajal program (Spain) under contract number RYC-2015-18820. JM-A acknowledges support from Fundación Bancaria la Caixa (ID 100010434), grant code LCF/BQ/PI19/11690012, and from the Plan GenT program of the Generalitat Valenciana, grant code CIDEGENT/2019/049. ; Peer reviewed
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This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1714977115/-/DCSupplemental. ; Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northern-hemisphere forests. ; European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 660020, Instituto Bem Ambiental (IBAM), Myr Projetos Sustentáveis, IEF, and CNPq, CAPES FAPEMIG, German Research Foundation (DFG; Grants CRC 552, CU127/3-1, HO 3296/2-2, HO3296/4-1, and RU 816), UNAM-PAPIIT IN218416 and Semarnat-CONACYT 128136, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnoloógico (CNPq, Brazil), Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza/Brazil, PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM (Project IN-204215), National Geographic Society, National Foundation for Scientific and Technology Development Vietnam (Grant 106.11-2010.68), Operation Wallacea, and core funding for Crown Research Institutes from the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's Science and Innovation Group. ; Peer-reviewed ; Publisher Version
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