Suchergebnisse

El cine boliviano ha filmado con obsesión dos espacios en particular: la ciudad de La Paz y el Altiplano, cercano a la urbe. La razón por este interés no es difícil de adivinar: son los espacios en donde se ha jugado gran parte de la historia política de Bolivia. Siendo un cine con características muy políticas es claro que los cineastas bolivianos debían instalar sus cámaras en dichos espacios. El texto presente va a analizar el cine boliviano desde el punto de vista del espacio. Se trata de reflexionar acerca de los contenidos, las características que los cineastas bolivianos han dotado tanto a la ciudad de La Paz como al Altiplano. Comprender como el cine boliviano ha representado la relación entre el campo y la ciudad. Para emprender el análisis, se va a echar mano al concepto de espacio fílmico de Eric Rohmer. Dicha noción obliga a una reflexión desde la forma de las películas bolivianas, es decir, estética. ; The Bolivian cinema has filmed two spaces in particular: the city of La Paz and the Altiplano, near to the city. The reason for this interest is not difficult to guess: they are the spaces where it has played much of the political history of Bolivia. Being a cinema with very political characteristics is clear that Bolivian filmmakers should install their cameras in such spaces. This paper will analyze the Bolivian cinema from the point of view of space. It will think about the contents, characteristics that Bolivian filmmakers have given both the city of La Paz and the Altiplano. Understand how the Bolivian cinema has showing the relationship between town and country. In the analysis of the two spaces, an obsessive search for identity and the question for the other becomes evident. A shot-by-shot analysis of the corpus has been carried out, supported by the notion of filmic space, as proposed by Eric Rohmer.

The Bolivian cinema has filmed two spaces in particular:the city of La Paz and the Altiplano, near to the city.The reason for this interest is not difficult to guess:they are the spaces where it has played much of the political history of Bolivia. Being a cinema with very political characteristics is clear that Bolivian filmmakers should install their cameras in such spaces. This paper will analyze the Bolivian cinema from the point of view of space. It will think about the contents, characteristics that Bolivian filmmakers have given both the city of La Paz and the Altiplano. Understand how the Bolivian cinema has showing the relationship between town and country. In the analysis of the two spaces, an obsessive search for identity and the question for the other becomes evident. A shot-by-shot analysis of the corpus has been carried out, supported by the notion of filmic space, as proposed by Eric Rohmer. ; El cine boliviano ha filmado con obsesión dos espacios en particular: la ciudad de La Paz y el Altiplano, cercano a la urbe. La razón por este interés no es difícil de adivinar: son los espacios en donde se ha jugado gran parte de la historia política de Bolivia. Siendo un cine con características muy políticas es claro que los cineastas bolivianos debían instalar sus cámaras en dichos espacios. El texto presente va a analizar el cine boliviano desde el punto de vista del espacio. Se trata de reflexionar acerca de los contenidos, las características que los cineastas bolivianos han dotado tanto a la ciudad de La Paz como al Altiplano. Comprender como el cine boliviano ha representado la relación entre el campo y la ciudad. Para emprender el análisis, se va a echar mano al concepto de espacio fílmico de Eric Rohmer. Dicha noción obliga a una reflexión desde la forma de las películas bolivianas, es decir, estética.

In an election campaign, candidates must decide how to optimally allocate their efforts/resources optimally among the regions of a country. As a result, the outcome of the election will depend on the players' strategies and the voters' preferences. In this work, we present a zero-sum game where two candidates decide how to invest a fixed resource in a set of regions, while considering their sizes and biases. We explore the two voting systems, the Majority System (MS) and the Electoral College (EC). We prove equilibrium existence and uniqueness under MS in a deterministic model; in addition, their closed form expressions are provided when fixing the subset of regions and relaxing the non-negative investing constraint. For the stochastic case, we use Monte Carlo simulations to compute the players' payoffs. For the EC, given the lack of equilibrium in pure strategies, we propose an iterative algorithm to find equilibrium in mixed strategies in a subset of the simplex lattice. We illustrate numerical instances under both election systems, and contrast players' equilibrium strategies. We show that polarization induces candidates to focus on larger regions with negative biases under MS, whereas candidates concentrate on swing states under EC. Finally, we calibrate the analyzed models with real data from the US 2020 presidential election. ; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT PIA/BASAL AFB180003 supercomputing infrastructure of the NLHPC ECM-02 ; Versión sometida a revisión - Preprint