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Inhaltsverz. poln. und engl.

My aims are to analyze some aspects of work and globalization in historical perspective with the intention to better understand challenges of the recent 30-40 years of the neoliberal globalization. After the trade globalization which had connected the world in the 16th century, came the industrial one with decisive transformation of the sphere of work, for example, sending the agriculture to the margins. The globalization after 1945 is more complex, although based on technological-scientific revolutions, it has other important dimensions: geopolitical, economic (financial), social-cultural, ecological, and some of them have disturbing ramifications for the field of work. Among them I discuss the Trump rejection of neoliberal globalization which exported millions of workplaces from USA to China, the end of middle class and populist reactions. The world of work is full of uncertainty, but it looks different in different parts of the globe.

This paper aims at analysing some aspects of work and globalization from historical perspective with an intention to better understand neoliberal globalization challenges of the last 30–40 years. The trade globalization, which united the world in the 16th century, was followed by the industrial globalization with decisive transformation of the work area, for instance, marginalizing the agriculture. The post-1945 globalization is more complex, although based on technological-scientific revolutions, it is characterized by other important dimensions: geopolitical, economic (financial), socio-cultural, environmental, and some of them have disturbing consequences for the work area. Among them I discuss the President Trump's rejection of neoliberal globalization, which resulted in the "export" of millions of jobs from USA to China, the collapse of the middle class and populist reactions of the general public and in the world of politics. Meanwhile the work area is full of uncertainty, but the situation is different in different parts of the world.

The paper looks at the evolution of the institutions of industrial democracy, which would be changing from the Leninist-model into a substitute of political democracy, and subsequently into a central feature of the post-Communist and post-Solidarity order. The process contradicted the usual chain of events observed in the democratic world: as a rule, the institutions of political democracy define the boundaries for industrial democracy can, while in Poland the process went exactly into opposite direction. Following emergence of political democracy institutions, industrial democracy imploded. The paper also explores contexts of the aforementioned evolution: its historical-intellectual background and external factors such as collapse of Communism and subsequent developments. Finally, the paper deals with challenges brought about by the post-Communist transformation and then by the transformations generated mainly by the international context.

Any discussion of the place of workers' participation in a socialist country must simultaneously consider a few different dimensions:

Der Verfasser betont einleitend den systematischen Charakter der wirtschaftlichen und politischen Krise Polens. Er setzt sich kritisch mit Modellen auseinander, die Funktionieren und Entwicklung sozialistischer Systeme monokausal aus politischen, wirtschaftlichen oder gesellschaftlichen Faktoren heraus zu erklären suchen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden Dezentralisierung, Vergesellschaftung und marktorientierte Privatisierung als wirtschaftliche Reformstrategien auf ihre Folgen hin untersucht. Es werden Ergebnisse von Meinungsumfragen aus den Jahren 1986 bis 1990 vorgelegt, die die Einstellung der polnischen Bevölkerung zur Einführung von Marktmechanismen und Privatisierung deutlich machen. (BIOst-Wpt)

Focuses on the growth of public support for market economy principles and social values as revealed by recent surveys.