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Gender Studies has been a category of its own within the academic corpus for decades, with its production increasing every year since its inception. The thousands of scientific documents that comprise it make it difficult to have a general idea of the trends in this field of research. The mining of texts has made it possible to perform a scientometric analysis from 23,635 articles corresponding to the category "Gender Studies" of the Sco-pus database, covering the period 2017-2021. The automated study has allowed us to obtain a series of conclusions of interest that are presented in this paper. This paper concludes the importance of the implementation of active gender policies by governments, as this translates into scientific research (theoretical and practical) that analyzes the causes and proposes solutions to gender inequality in a cross-cutting manner in all aspects of life
Los Estudios de Género constituyen una categoría propia dentro del corpus académico desde hace ya décadas, incrementándose su producción cada año desde sus inicios. Los miles de documentos científicos que la conforman hace que sea complejo tener una idea general de las tendencias en este ámbito de investigación. El minado de textos ha permitido hacer un análisis cienciométrico a partir de 23.635 artículos correspondientes a la categoría "Gender Studies" de la base de datos Scopus, abarcando el periodo 2017-2021. El estudio automatizado ha permitido obtener una serie de conclusiones de interés que en este trabajo se presentan. El presente trabajo concluye la importancia de la implementación de políticas activas de género por los gobiernos, pues esto se traduce en investigación científica (teórica y práctica) que analiza las causas y propone soluciones a la desigualdad de género de forma transversal en todos los aspectos de la vida.

Gender Studies has been a category of its own within the academic corpus for decades, with its production increasing every year since its inception. The thousands of scientific documents that comprise it make it difficult to have a general idea of the trends in this field of research. The mining of texts has made it possible to perform a scientometric analysis from 23,635 articles corresponding to the category "Gender Studies" of the Sco-pus database, covering the period 2017-2021. The automated study has allowed us to obtain a series of conclusions of interest that are presented in this paper. This paper concludes the importance of the implementation of active gender policies by governments, as this translates into scientific research (theoretical and practical) that analyzes the causes and proposes solutions to gender inequality in a cross-cutting manner in all aspects of life ; Los Estudios de Género constituyen una categoría propia dentro del corpus académico desde hace ya décadas, incrementándose su producción cada año desde sus inicios. Los miles de documentos científicos que la conforman hace que sea complejo tener una idea general de las tendencias en este ámbito de investigación. El minado de textos ha permitido hacer un análisis cienciométrico a partir de 23.635 artículos correspondientes a la categoría "Gender Studies" de la base de datos Scopus, abarcando el periodo 2017-2021. El estudio automatizado ha permitido obtener una serie de conclusiones de interés que en este trabajo se presentan. El presente trabajo concluye la importancia de la implementación de políticas activas de género por los gobiernos, pues esto se traduce en investigación científica (teórica y práctica) que analiza las causas y propone soluciones a la desigualdad de género de forma transversal en todos los aspectos de la vida.

Trioza erytreae, the African citrus psyllid, is a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the causal agent of the citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing (HLB). The spread of the vector throughout the Iberian Peninsula has been continuous since its introduction in mainland Spain in 2014. The patterns of host preference and feeding behaviour largely depend on olfactory cues. Understanding these patterns is crucial to prevent further dispersion and develop management measures against the pest. In this work, a series of settlement, olfactometric, probing, and feeding experiments were conducted to assess the host preference of T. erytreae for lemon or bitter orange plants. The settlement experiment provided evidence on the preference of both sexes of T. erytreae for lemon plants, whereas males did not show any significant choice pattern in the case of the olfactometric assays. Forty EPG variables were analysed to describe and compare the probing and feeding behaviour of T. erytreae on lemon and bitter orange plants. The EPG variables indicated that T. erytreae has some difficulties in accepting the phloem of bitter orange plants. This suggests that lemon plants would be a better source for the acquisition of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) by T. erytreae since the psyllid spends much longer periods feeding from the phloem on lemon than on bitter orange. ; Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. The authors are grateful to the European Union grant, programme H2020 entitled: PRE-HLB: Preventing HLB epidemics for ensuring citrus survival in Europe. H2020- SFS-2018–2 Topic SFS-05–2018-2019–2020—new and emerging risks to plant health (Project nº 817526) as well as to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is an invasive insect-borne pathogen, which causes lethal diseases to important crops including olives, citrus, almonds and grapes as well as numerous forest, ornamental, and uncultivated plants. Outbreaks of Xf-related plant diseases are currently occurring in the Mediterranean region, causing substantial losses to various agricultural sectors. Several models have recently been published to identify which regions are at highest risk in Europe; however, such models did not consider the insect vectors, which constitute the key driver of short-range Xf spread. We fitted bioclimatic species distribution models to depict the macroclimatic preferences of the meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius L. (1978) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), the major epidemiologically relevant vector currently responsible for Xf spread in the Europe. Many regions of Western Europe and Mediterranean basin are predicted by models as highly climatically suitable for this vector, including all regions where severe Xf have occurred so far. Conversely, the driest and warmest areas of the Mediterranean basin are predicted as little suitable for P. spumarius. Models forecast that agricultural-important parts of the southern Mediterranean area might experience a substantial decrease in climatic suitability for P. spumarius by the period 2040–2060. Areas predicted as highly suitable just for the bacterium but not optimal for this vector are apparently still free of severe Xf outbreaks, suggesting that climate tolerances of P. spumarius might partly explain the current spatial pattern of Xf outbreaks in Europe and should always be considered in further risk assessments. ; Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work has been financially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Grant/Award Number: AGL2017-89604-R and the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements no. 635646 POnTE (Pest ...

The phytosanitary emergency caused by the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in the Mediterranean has raised demands for a better understanding of the ecology of its presumed and candidate insect vectors. Here, we present the results of a two-year survey carried out in olive groves across southern, eastern and Central Spain and northeastern Portugal. Several sampling methods were tested and compared to select the most appropriate to estimate population levels of potential vectors of X. fastidiosa. The spittlebugs Philaenus spumarius and Neophilaenus campestris (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) were the main species associated with olive groves. Both species were widely present on herbaceous ground vegetation within the olive groves; P. spumarius mainly associated with Asteraceae and N. campestris with Poaceae. Due to the patchy distribution of spittlebugs within the olive groves, sweep nets were the most effective and least time-consuming sampling method for the estimation of population size both in the ground cover and tree canopies. Trends in population density showed that spittlebugs can be abundant on ground vegetation but very rare on olive canopies. Spittlebugs disperse in late spring to non-cultivated hosts that act as natural reservoirs. In late fall, adults return to the olive groves for oviposition. However, olive trees may act as transient hosts for spittlebugs and high population densities of these insect vectors should be avoided in areas where X. fastidiosa is present. ; This work has been financially supported by European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements no. 635646 POnTE (Pest Organisms Threatening Europe), and no. 727987 XF-ACTORS (Xylella Fastidiosa Active Containment Through a multidisciplinary-Oriented Research Strategy). ; Peer reviewed