Suchergebnisse

The article examines the genesis of the human capital system through the prism of the formation of a system of personal responsibility for committed acts. It is shown that responsibility in the law of early civilizations and up to the Middle ages proportionally reflected the value of a person as a person.

The political crisis, which has been going on in Belarus since August 2020, is accompanied by crisis phenomena, also in the economy: gold and foreign exchange reserves are declining, public debt is growing, the credit rating is the lowest in Europe (B/B), warehouses are overstocked with unrealized products. Russia, which accounts for about half of Belarus' foreign trade, supports Belarus and promotes closer integration within the Union State. Hence the dualism of Belarus' foreign policy: on the one hand, it votes synchronously with the Russian Federation against UNGA resolutions, and on the other hand, it benefits from trade and economic cooperation with neighboring states. At the same time, there were also aggravations in relations, such as the detention in 2017 of Belarusian citizens on charges of espionage, mutual expulsions of embassy staff.

Much attention was paid to the implementation of financial reforms in the Russian Empire. The most significant works include works on the history of finance. It is particularly important to emphasize the importance of research on the formation of the Ministry of Finance, which was an integral part of the financial and legal reform in the empire of the first half of the XIX century. Archaic, contradictory legal norms, lagging behind public relations, the constant growth of public debt, the absence of a single state budget, high inflation rates and a chronic budget deficit are features that characterize the financial system of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries.

The authors show the development of international systems of economic exchange in the process of historical formation of state mechanisms. It is determined that the historical form of development of interstate relations is the mechanism of economic cooperation. The process under consideration found its formation at the turn of the 15—16 centuries. The paper analyzes the period of 1500—2020, including the waves of the economic crisis.

EN: The Union state-the Union of Russia and Belarus – is the most significant integration project in the CIS space, which marked the change of centrifugal tendencies in the post-Soviet space by centripetal ones. Russia and Belarus were among the first CIS member States to realize the need for close integration. Almost immediately after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia and Belarus signed bilateral trade and economic agreements, which recognized the right of the parties to pursue an independent foreign economic policy. Thus, Russia and Belarus were the pioneers of integration processes in the region. ES: El estado de la Unión - la Unión de Rusia y Belarús - es el proyecto de integración más importante en el espacio de la CEI, que marcó el cambio de las tendencias centrífugas en el espacio postsoviético por las centrípetas. Rusia y Belarús fueron los primeros miembros de los estados de CEI en darse cuenta de la necesidad de una estrecha integración. Casi inmediatamente después del colapso de la Unión Soviética, Rusia y Bielorrusia firmaron acuerdos comerciales y económicos bilaterales, que reconocían el derecho de las partes a perseguir una política económica extranjera independiente. Así, Rusia y Belarús fueron los pioneros de los procesos de integración en la región.

ABSTRACT The Union state-the Union of Russia and Belarus – is the most significant integration project in the CIS space, which marked the change of centrifugal tendencies in the post-Soviet space by centripetal ones. Russia and Belarus were among the first CIS member States to realize the need for close integration. Almost immediately after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia and Belarus signed bilateral trade and economic agreements, which recognized the right of the parties to pursue an independent foreign economic policy. Thus, Russia and Belarus were the pioneers of integration processes in the region.RESUMEN El estado de la Unión - la Unión de Rusia y Belarús - es el proyecto de integración más importante en el espacio de la CEI, que marcó el cambio de las tendencias centrífugas en el espacio postsoviético por las centrípetas. Rusia y Belarús fueron los primeros miembros de los estados de CEI en darse cuenta de la necesidad de una estrecha integración. Casi inmediatamente después del colapso de la Unión Soviética, Rusia y Bielorrusia firmaron acuerdos comerciales y económicos bilaterales, que reconocían el derecho de las partes a perseguir una política económica extranjera independiente. Así, Rusia y Belarús fueron los pioneros de los procesos de integración en la región.

In 2020, one of the main factors influencing economic processes was the factor of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which affected almost all countries of the world. As a result of the pandemic, significant changes took place in the life of many countries of the world, including in Russia. There was an additional burden on the state regarding social payments and there was a deterioration.

The article presents the results of assessing the possibility of using simulation modeling to predict the ferroresonant process in electrical networks. A mathematical model of a three-phase power transformer in the form of a system of differential equations is considered. The MatLab software package was chosen as the modeling environment. In the conclusion of the work, the results of simulation were analyzed and the correspondingconclusions were drawn.