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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Governments -- Ministries 1900-2017 -- Ministerial Offices -- The Office of Prime Minister -- Ministerial Offices, 1900-2017 -- Holders of Ministerial Offices -- Women Cabinet Ministers -- Oldest and Youngest Ministers -- Election and Re-election of Ministers -- Re-election of Defeated Ministers -- Re-election of Ministers After Appointment to Office -- Ministers Seeking Election Having Been Appointed While Not an M.P. -- Ministerial Resignations -- Biographical Notes -- Index of Ministers -- Chapter 2 The Civil Service -- Main Landmark Events -- Heads of Departments and Public Offices -- The Post of Head of the Home Civil Service/Head of the Civil Service -- Permanent Secretary, No. 10 Downing Street -- Prime Minister's Staff -- Special or Political Advisers to Ministers -- Size of Civil Service -- Executive Agencies and Non-departmental Government Bodies -- Chapter 3 Parties -- Conservative Party -- Labour Party -- Other Parties -- Irish Parliamentary Parties -- Notes on the Principal Other Parties -- Chapter 4 Parliament -- House of Commons -- House of Lords -- The Monarchy -- Chapter 5 Parliamentary Elections -- General Elections -- General Election Results, 1959-2015 -- Party Changes Between Elections -- M.P.s' Changes of Allegiance -- Parliament of 1919-22 -- M.P.s Elected Under New Label -- M.P.s Denied Party Renomination since 1922 -- Lost Deposits -- By-elections -- Notable Retention of Seats in By-elections -- M.P.s Resigning to Fight By-elections -- Electoral Administration and Electoral Law -- Electoral Commission -- Election Expenses -- Redistribution of Seats -- The Franchise -- Election Petitions -- Sources on Electoral Matters -- Public Opinion Polls -- Polls of Voting Intentions and Other Political Indicators -- Gallup Poll Findings 1937-97 -- Monthly 'Poll of Polls' 1979-

AbstractThis paper reports and discusses the results of a survey of English and Welsh schoolchildren aged 11–18, conducted in March–May 2003, covering their attitudes to and knowledge of politics, politicians and political issues. It concentrates in particular on the way these attitudes develop as pupils get older, and also discusses the sources of information on which young people depend, and which may be the key to developing this neglected political 'market'. It finds that pupils are unenthused by politics, but not 'apathetic'. Both knowledge and interest increase as pupils grow older; however, negative or cynical attitudes to politicians and to political parties seem to grow at the same time. Yet young people also hold positive attitudes to the electoral process in general, though many do not accept that they will have a 'duty to vote' when old enough. The media, though distrusted, is the principal source of information, though it is clear that the family is highly influential; schools seem less influential. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications

How do British elections work? What about local elections and by-elections? How are candidates chosen? What has been the impact of changes introduced by the present government? How can an ordinary voter play his or her part? and more. This edition covers aspects of British elections and includes comprehensive tables of statistics and results