Suchergebnisse

As questões ambientais e sua interseção com atividades como o comércio vêm adquirindo maior espaço e preponderância no cenário internacional. Este trabalho objetiva analisar as estruturas de regulação de meio ambiente/sustentabilidade que afetam o comércio internacional: Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC), Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), normas voluntárias de sustentabilidade (voluntary sustainability standards – VSS) e environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG). Procura-se evidenciar qual a posição do Brasil e quais os possíveis desafios que o país enfrentará sob a perspectiva de inserção competitiva em uma economia global que se torna cada vez mais sustentável.

Due to the growing importance of environmental policies in the United States of America and the European Union, including the impact on international trade, the authors propose a comparative analysis of the rules and institutions that govern the environmental issue in these two actors. After considering the concept of power in terms of environment and trade, the authors identify the impact of EU and US environmental measures on the international trading system. Subsequently, the text analyzes the two policies separately, identifying institutions and environmental rules, highlighting changes arising from the set of environmental measures recently announced by both. The article concludes that, despite important differences, especially in the way the two environmental policies are built internally, both have important similarities in the intentional connection between foreign trade and the environment, a characteristic exemplified in the simultaneity of the proposed border carbon tax, whose effects are uncertain for the environment and predictable for traditional industrial sectors in both markets.

The work aimed to analyse the sustainability efforts – the greening – of five industry sectors in Brazil: aluminium, chemical, steel, cement, and oil and gas. These sectors were chosen because they are the industries with the highest carbon emissions. The research sought to verify the sustainability measures adopted by business and industry actors, with special emphasis on the use of Voluntary Sustainability Standards and ESG values. In order to verify the information provided by the companies, the documents that informed the measures taken by the companies and the numbers supporting their results were always sought out and explained in the text. The conclusions were that the sectors, guided by industry associations, have adopted a broad set of sustainability measures. The results of these measures, however, sometimes lack proof and sometimes lead to sporadic conduct, contrary to the precepts of environmental and social sustainability.