Suchergebnisse

Hohe bodennahe Ozonkonzentrationen sind ein Hinweis auf den sogenannten photochemischen Smog, der bei h|herer Emission von Stickstoffoxiden, Kohlenmonoxid und Kohlenwasserstoffen und starker Sonneneinstrahlung auftritt. Diese Art der Luft- verschmutzung kommt auch in unseren Breiten vor, in erster Linie im Sommerhalbjahr. Zu den Folgen z{hlen Waldsch{den, gesundheitliche Belastungen f}r Mensch und Tier und die Zer- st|rung historischer Kunstwerke. Durch Emittierung aller an der Smogbildung beteiligten Schadstoffe tragen Kraftfahrzeu- ge erheblich zur Entstehung photochemischen Smogs bei. Das Buch beschreibt den Zusammenhang zwischen den Emissionen des Kraftfahrzeugverkehrs und der Ozonbildung. Nach der Schilderung der gegenw{rtigen Emissionssituation werden Me- thoden zur Emissionsminderung vorgestellt. Anschlie~end wird der zur Ozonbildung f}hrende photochemische Reaktionsmecha- nismus erl{utert und Methoden zur mathematischen Beschrei- bung der Ozonbildung kurz skizziert. Schlie~lich werden Er- gebnisse ausgew{hlter Modellrechnungen vorgestellt, die den Einflu~ einzelner, mit dem Kraftfahrzeugverkehr verkn}pfter Faktorenauf die Ozonbildung beleuchten und zu einer Reihe wichtiger Folgerungen f}hren. Die Besonderheit dieses Bucches besteht in der zusammenfas- senden Darstellung des Komplexes "Emission - Ausbreitung und Umwandlung in der Atmosph{re - Immission" f}r einen der haupts{chlichen Schadstoffemittenten, den Kraftfahrzeugver- kehr. Sobietet es dem Leser umfangreiche Informationen zu einem wichtigen und zugleich aktuellen Thema auf dem Gebiet des Umweltschutzes

This is the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Urban Air Quality - Measurement, Modelling and Management, held at the Technical University of Madrid, 3-5 March 1999. This book contains peer-reviewed papers on the latest advances in the urban air quality research field. This book will be suitable for researchers including students, consultants, local authority officers (such as environmental officers), and environmental scientists working in industrial sectors (chemical, environmental, and transport). Very few scientific international conferences specifically address the area of air pollution in cities and towns. This is despite the growing concern about the health and environmental impacts that result from air pollutants in urban areas. The need to have a forum for discussing and exchanging scientific results in this field is hence overwhelming. It is clear from the response of scientists and other experts working in this area that these UAQ conferences are helping to address this need

AbstractSmart farming (SF) has emerged as a scientific approach exploiting technology advances for the management of agricultural practices, focusing on the control of resources and chemicals used. There is still limited evidence in the scientific literature in regard to the efficiency of SF, particularly for targeted environmental issues, such as air pollutant emissions from agricultural activities. The present paper expoits quantitative data collected from questionnaires to farmers of 6 pilot areas in Greece, participating in the LIFE GAIA Sense project. Emissions and pollutant levels were calculated for two consecutive years in these pilot areas, namely 2019 (baseline year) and 2020, which is the first SF application year. The methodology for calculating realistic emissions data, following a combined tier 1/tier2 approach is presented. To this purpose, detailed activity data of the specific SF application areas related to agricultural activities were acquired, based on the responses of participating farmers to targeted questionnaires. Calculated emissions were used as input data for air quality modeling simulations to examine the efficiency of SF in reducing local pollutant concentrations. The results show significant emissions and concentrations reductions in five out of the six pilot areas, for all pollutants and greenhouse gases studied, due to the decrease in fuel consumption and N fertilizer applied, as a result of the farmers following the SF advice. Particularly for NH3, which is an agricultural air pollutant of concern due to its health and environmental impacts, emission reductions of around 30% (and by up to almost 60%) were calculated.