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Abstract/short description:
Marcin Mróz analyses the accounts of Inca history in chronicles of Juan Betanzos Pedro Cieza de León and others. His study suggests that there were significant differences in the accounts of past wars, royal lineages and marriages that relate to political partitions. Apparently the supporters and relatives of Ataw Wallpa, Manku Inka and Waskar, who were rivals to the Inca's throne, had used slightly different versions of their history. Each of those versions appears to include slightly different characters and gives a slightly different description of events. This was probably a result of different rulers' preferences toward one of the heirs to the Inca sovereign.
Short description written by Michal Gilewski

José María Arguedas was an important Peruvian writer. His last novel "El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo" The Fox from Up Above and the Fox from Down Below) relates the stories of the lives of the people called Chimbote. The main focus is on the changes of the traditional lifestyle that accompanied the development of this Peruvian town: thanks to the fishing boom large numbers of migrants, of different social and ethnic backgrounds relocated here. Mróz analyses the themes influenced by the indigenous Quechua culture in the novel. According to Mróz the Quechua culture is centrally and deeply present in the novel in three different aspects: linguistics, the way the world is portrayed, and the image and future of the society.

W opracowaniu omówiono przepisy regulaminów parlamentów narodowych wybranych państw członkowskich UE, a także Wielkiej Brytanii, Stanów Zjednoczonych i regulaminu Parlamentu Europejskiego, odnoszące się do kwestii objętych w regulaminie Sejmu RP pojęciem "wniosków formalnych". Pojęcie to nie zostało wyodrębnione we wszystkich omówionych regulaminach parlamentarnych. W wielu z nich regulacja odpowiadająca przedmiotowo poszczególnym wnioskom formalnym wyodrębnionym na gruncie regulaminu Sejmu pozostaje rozproszona. Z kolei w niektórych regulaminach, choć pojęcie wniosku formalnego zostało wyodrębnione, to nie zostało ono zdefiniowane i nie przewidziano zamkniętego katalogu takich wniosków. ; The paper concerns selected issues related to parliamentary procedures. The primary aim is to in‑vestigate a particular category of motions, defined by rules of procedure of the Polish parliament as points of order (literally "formal motions"). In Poland, points of order are recognised as a sepa‑rate category of motions. They may be submitted only in respect of matters being the subject of the orders of the day or the proceedings in a sitting and include, inter alia, motions to: suspend, postpone or close the sitting; close the discussion; alter the procedure of the discussion; close the list of speakers; limit the time of speeches; confirm a quorum. The authors examine how mo‑tions of similar subject scope are regulated in foreign national parliaments.