Introduction -- Individuals in context : the world of eighteenth-century Newport -- Shifting the focus : archaeology of the urban household -- A new world created : nineteenth-century Lowell -- Interrogating the experiment : Lowell's urban space and culture -- Conclusion : contested spaces and the threads of everyday life -- Epilogue : toward a dialectical archaeology of class
AbstractThis paper explores the hybridized realities of European, Native American and Afro‐Caribbean/Afro‐American residents of Sylvester Manor, New York and Constant Plantation, Barbados during the seventeenth century. It draws on archaeological and landscape evidence from two plantations that were owned and operated by different members of the same family during the seventeenth century. One of plantations, known as Sylvester Manor, encompassed all 8,000 acres of Shelter Island, New York. It was established in 1652 primarily to help in the provisioning of two large sugar plantations on Barbados, Constant and Carmichael plantations. Sylvester Manor was operated by Nathaniel Sylvester; an Englishman who spent the first twenty years of life living in Amsterdam where his father was a merchant. Constant and Carmichael plantations were operated by his brother Constant Sylvester. Both the Barbados and New York plantations relied upon a labor force of enslaved Afro‐Caribbean's. Archaeological evidence from Sylvester Manor has also revealed that Native American laborers played a prominent role in the daily activities of this northern plantation. Material and landscape evidence reveal the construction of hybridized identities that in the case of Barbados, are still part of the fabric of a postcolonial reality. Evidence from Sylvester Manor provides detailed insights into the construction of hybridized identities under the exigencies of a plantation economy whose global connections are dramatically visible in the archaeological record.
Le temps et l'espace sont deux des dimensions les plus fondamentales dans la pratique de l'archéologie. Au cours des vingt dernières années, les écrits d'Henri Lefebvre ont exercé une influence grandissante sur les recherches des archéologues spécialistes d'histoire travaillant en Amérique du Nord, en Europe et dans les Caraïbes. Une part importante de ces recherches a fait usage de ses concepts de représentation de l'espace et d'espaces de représentation ainsi que de ses notions de temps en relation avec la vie quotidienne. Cet article présente un aperçu des différentes lignes de recherche entreprises par les archéologues spécialistes d'histoire et leur lien avec les idées de Lefebvre concernant la vie quotidienne et la production de l'espace. Il plaide également pour un approfondissement de l'engagement dans le sillage de Lefebvre en tant qu'intellectuel engagé, soulignant l'impérieuse nécessité d'un tel engagement dans le monde d'aujourd'hui dominé par les conflits.
