Why Aren't They There? The Political Representation of Women, Ethnic Groups and Issue Positions in Legislatures
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of comparative politics, Band 67, Heft 4, S. 995-998
ISSN: 1460-2482
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In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of comparative politics, Band 67, Heft 4, S. 995-998
ISSN: 1460-2482
In: International migration: quarterly review, Band 50, Heft 1, S. 20-38
ISSN: 1468-2435
In: Journal of ethnic and migration studies: JEMS, Band 38, Heft 1, S. 1-19
ISSN: 1469-9451
In: International migration: quarterly review, Band 49, Heft 3, S. 52-75
ISSN: 1468-2435
In: Res publica: politiek-wetenschappelijk tijdschrift van de Lage Landen ; driemaandelijks tijdschrift, Band 55, Heft 3, S. 339-358
ISSN: 0486-4700
Women and ethnic minorities are underrepresented in national parliaments around the world. Interestingly, in the Netherlands ethnic minority women are better represented than ethnic minority men and ethnic majority women. The Netherlands did not adopt gender quotas, but some parties implemented target numbers. Drawing on document analysis and interviews, this article explores whether parties that encourage women's representation are also likely to increase the number of ethnic minority representatives. It finds that party-specific factors such as a left or social democratic ideology, the institutionalization of gender and/or ethnicity within the party and the party's vision on group representation are intertwined. Parties that actively encourage women's representation are more inclined to openly acknowledge the importance of ethnic diversity. This especially favours ethnic minority women, who benefit from the strong embedding of gender. In the end gender determines the success of the ethnic card in political representation. Adapted from the source document.
In: International political science review: the journal of the International Political Science Association (IPSA) = Revue internationale de science politique, Band 35, Heft 1, S. 41-54
ISSN: 1460-373X
Gender equality is not fully realised when it is restricted to ethnic majority men and women. This article examines how gender quotas as a form of equality policy affect ethnic minority groups, in particular, the gender balance among ethnic minority candidates for political office. Our analysis focuses on the selection of ethnic minority candidates in Belgium, where legally binding quotas exist, and in the Netherlands, where they do not. Drawing on 23 interviews with central actors in four main parties in each country, we find that the process of ethnic minority candidate selection is highly gendered: in both countries, ethnic minority women are represented in larger numbers than ethnic minority men. But gender quotas play a lesser role in this than the more general concern for diversity on electoral lists, the institutionalisation of gender/ethnicity within political parties and the strategic choices of party leaders.