ABSTRACT: This research aims to find justified theories with regard to the governance regulation in the field of forestry based on local autonomy as regulated in the Constitution 1945, find out law protection towards the usage of forest resources in the context of the autonomy and to obtain the concept of law regarding the protection of forest resources in the regulation of local autonomy. This is normative law research by applying historic and comparative legal research pointing at secondary data obtained from library research supported by primary data gathered from field research. This research is categorized as descriptive analysis research. The oblained data are analysed as juridical qualitative. The findings show that the regulation of forest resources has included te principles in accordance with sustainable development concept but it does not mean that the function of law as an engineering tool has been compatible with the purpose of the forestry management due to many evidences of deforestation. Practically, there is a conflict between central government and local government in therm of the authority of forest management, a lot deforestation causes forest amage in Indonesia, those facts show that the regulation regarding the authority of forest management ini the context of local autonomy implementation has not been able to protect the natural resources yet. The constraints faced are the law violations, lock of society participation in mking decision, collusion or conspiracy between businessman and bureacrats and security and lack of law enforcement. Forest Protection in the Local Autonomy Implementation
Tindak pidana narkotika merupakan kejahatan luar biasa sehingga menjadi prioritas pemerintah untuk diperangi. Penanggulangan tindak pidana narkotika diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika. Salah satu pengaturan dalam undang-undang tersebut adalah pemberian sanksi di bawah minimum melalui putusan hakim. Sebagaimana kasus yang terjadi dalam Putusan Nomor 64/PID/2012/PN Sigli, Putusan No. 1/pid.sus/2016/PN Cag. (narkotika) dan Putusan No. 14/pid.sus/2016/PN Cag. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji yaitu faktor penyebab hakim memutuskan sanksi di bawah minimum kepada pelaku narkotika dan implikasinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji aspek normatif atas permasalahan yang dikaji. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan kasuistik dengan menelaah putusan pengadilan. Putusan pengadilan dengan penetapan sanksi di bawah minimum disatu sisi bertentangan dengan asas legalitas dalam hukum pidana. Sehingga hal ini diakomodir dalam Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung No. 3 tahun 2015. Narcotics crimes are extraordinary crimes so that become government priorities to be minimized. Tackling narcotics crime is regulated in Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. One of the regulations in the law is to impose sanctions below the minimum through a judge's decision. As the case with is the Decision Number 64/PID/2012/PN Sigli. The problems studied are the factors that cause the judge to decide the minimum sanctions for narcotics and their implications. The research method used is a normative juridical method by examining the normative aspects of the problem under study. The approach taken is a casuistic approach by examining court decisions. Court decisions with the determination of sanctions below the minimum on the one hand are contrary to the principle of legality in criminal law. So that accommodated in the Supreme Court Circular No. 3 of 2015.
Ketentuan Pasal 229 ayat (1) KUHAP menjamin pemenuhan hak penggantian biaya bagi saksi/ahli yang telah hadir memenuhi panggilan dan memberikan keterangan di semua tingkat pemeriksaan. Namun pada praktiknya ketentuan tersebut tidak dijalankan sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan, prosedur dan hambatan dalam memberikan penggantian biaya bagi saksi/ahli sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris dan bersifat deskriptif analitis. Sumber data yang digunakan diperoleh dari penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Data dikumpulkan, diseleksi, diklasifikasi, dan disusun dalam bentuk naratif dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan penggantian biaya di Polresta Banda Aceh belum sebagaimana mestinya. Prosedur pelaksanaan tidak ada ketentuan khusus. Hambatan pelaksanaan disebabkan karena tidak tersedia anggaran yang memadai dan tidak adanya aturan lebih lanjut tentang letak pos anggaran untuk penggantian biaya terutama bagi saksi dikarenakan aturan tentang standar biaya masukan tentang honorarium bagi saksi sebagai penggantian biaya saat memberikan keterangan belum diatur dalam PMK Nomor 33/PMK.02/2016 tentang standar biaya masukan tahun anggaran 2017. Disarankan kepada pemerintah agar memberikan pemahaman lebih mendalam kepada aparatur penegak hukum agar tidak melakukan diskriminasi dalam konteks pemenuhan hak saksi dan ahli mendapatkan penggantian biaya. Diperlukan perubahan KUHAP dan peraturan lanjutan tentang letak pos anggaran untuk penggantian biaya.The provisions of Article 229 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code guarantee the fulfillment of the reimbursement rights of the witnesse/experts who have attended the call and provide information at all examination levels. But in practice the provisions are not executed properly. This study aims to examine the implementation, procedures and barriers in providing cost reimbursement for witnesses/experts in accordance with applicable regulations. This research was conducted using empirical juridical and analytical descriptive method. Sources of data used were obtained from literature research and field research. Data are collected, selected, classified, and arranged in narrative form and analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the implementation of reimbursement in The City Resort Police of Banda Aceh is not as it should be. Implementation procedure there is no special provisions. Implementation barriers are caused by insufficient budget and no further rules on where to place budget for reimbursement of costs for witness especially at PMK Number. 36/PMK.02/2016 about maximum cost standart. It is advisable to the government to provide a deeper understanding to law enforcement apparatuses in order not to discriminate in the context of witness rights fulfillment and experts get reimbursement of costs. Required changes to the Criminal Procedure Code and further regulations on the location of budget items for reimbursement of costs.
Pendapatan Asli Daerah dari retribusi daerah yang termasuk didalamnya retribusi terminal diatur dalam Pasal 180 ayat (1) huruf b Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh, Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2009 tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah, dan Pasal 285 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Dengan demikian timbul permasalahan yang perlu dikaji bagaimanakah penentuan target penerimaan retribusi terminal, apakah pemungutan retribusi terminal sudah efektif, dan Apakah pungutan retribusi terminal dapat dipertahankan.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui penentuan target penerimaan retribusi terminal, apakah pemungutan retribusi terminal sudah efektif, dan untuk mengetahui pungutan retribusi terminal apa perlu dipertahankan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penelitian yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan retribusi terminal dari tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2016 dinilai masih kurang efektif, Proses penentuan target termuat dalam setiap Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJM) Kabupaten/Kota yang merupakan Dokumen perencanaan yaitu meliputi Rencana Strategis, Rencana Kerja dan Rencana Kegiatan dan Anggaran. Retribusi terminal perlu dipertahankan oleh setiap Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota karena menjadi prospek yang positif, khususnya di Wilayah Aceh yang Penghasilan Asli Daerah masih sangat rendah. Disarankan kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota untuk lebih serius dalam mengelola retribusi terminal, untuk bertindak tegas kepada para supir yang tidak membayar retribusi , dan disarankan kepada petugas agar melakukan pengutipan sesuai dengan prosedur sehingga tidak menimbulkan kebocoran pemasukan.The original Area of levy income areas including retribution terminal is set in article 180 Paragraph (1) letter b Act No. 11 Year 2006 about the Aceh Government Act, Act No. 28 Year 2009 about local tax and Regional Levies, and article 285 Paragraph (1) Act No. 23 Year 2014 about Local Governance. Thus arising, problems that need to be examined, How is the determination of target acceptance levy terminal, whether the voting terminal already levy effective, and whether the charges retribution terminal can be maintained. The purpose of research to determine whether ballots already terminal levy effective, How is the determination of target acceptance levy terminal, and whether the charges retribution terminal can be maintained. The method of research used empirical juridical research. The results showed that the management of the terminal from the year 2014 levy up to the year 2016 assessed less effective, The process of determining the targets contained in the medium-term Development Plan (RPJM) District/City which is a planning document that is covering the strategic plan, Work plan and activity plan and budget. Levy terminal that until recently was indeed need to be maintained by each County Government/city due to be positive prospects, particularly in the area of Aceh that was in fact the original Regional Income is still very low. It is recommended to the District/City Governments for more serious in managing the terminal retribution, to act firmly to the transport driver, and recommended for officers who perform excerpts real retribution should the charges be done appropriately, in terms of the correct procedure done with, so as not to cause leakage of infusion.
Dalam Pasal 28 ayat (3), Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 49 Tahun 2016 tentang Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Ekslusif, menjelaskan Cuti melahirkan bagi PNS, PPPK atau Tenaga Honorer/Kontrak perempuan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) huruf a, diberikan 6 (enam) bulan setelah waktu melahirkan untuk pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Ketentuan tersebut pada dasarnya bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan khususnya Pasal 325 ayat (3) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2017 tentang Manajemen Pegawai Negeri Sipil, yang menjelaskan "lamanya cuti melahirkan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) dan (2) adalah 3 (tiga) bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis kewenangan Gubernur Aceh dalam mengatur pemberian ASI ekslusif dikaitkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Cuti bagi PNS. Kemudian, untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis akibat hukum terhadap penerapan Peraturan Gubernur Aceh Nomor 49 Tahun 2016 tentang Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Ekslusif dikaitkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Cuti bagi PNS. In 2006, the Governor of Aceh has issued the Governor Regulation Number 49, 2016 on the Provision of Exclusive Breastfeeding. In Article 28 (3) of the Governor Regulation Number 49, 2016 on the Provision of Exclusive Breastfeeding states that Break for Officials who are giving birth, PPPK or contracting staffs/ladies as mentioned in verse (1) point a is granted for 6 (six) months aftr giving birth for providing exclusive breasfeeeding. The rules are basically against the existing rules especially the Government Regulation Number 11, 2017 on the Mangement of Civil Servants. This research aims to explain and analyze the authority of the Governor of Aceh in regulating exclusive breastfeeding in relation to the Government Regulation on break for civil servants. Later, it is also going to explain and analyze the legal effects on the application of the Governor of Aceh Regulation Number 49, 2016 on Exclusive Breastfeeding in relation to the Government Regulation on Break for Officials.
Pasal 25 ayat (4) Undang-Undang No. 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, yaitu, "Peradilan militer sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) berwenang memeriksa, mengadili, dan memutus perkara tindak pidana militer sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan". Praktiknya, di Pengadilan Militer I–01 Banda Aceh masih mengadili tindak pidana umum yang dilakukan oknum anggota TNI. Ini akan membuat suatu peradilan tidak idenpenden hasil penelitian menunjukkan kewenangan Pengadilan Militer I–01 Banda Aceh mengadili perkara tindak pidana umum karena tunduk kepada UU Pengadilan militer yang menitikberatkan subyek hukum. Kemudian penghambat tidak diadilinya oknum anggota TNI melakukan tindak pidana umum di peradilan umum yaitu pertama dasar hukumnya, Kedua, masih melihat subjek hukumnya, Ketiga, Kompetensi relatif. Article 25 paragraph (4) of Law No. 48 of 2009 on Judicial Authority namely, "Military justice as referred to in paragraph (1) is authorized to examine, adjudicate, and decide cases of military crimes in accordance with the provisions of legislation". In practice, the Military Court I-01 in Banda Aceh still prosecutes a general crime committed by members of the TNI which will make a judiciary becomes dependent. The result of the study showed that the authority of Military Court I-01 in Banda Aceh is adjudicating a general criminal case because it is subject to the Military Court Law which emphasizes the subject of law. Then, the obstacle of the TNI members who committed a general crime who have not judged yet in the general court namely, First, legal basis, Second, still observe the legal subject, Third, the relative Competence.
Pasal 27 huruf a angka 3 Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-pokok Agraria, menegaskan bahwa hak milik hapus bila tanahnya jatuh kepada negara karena diterlantarkan. Tanah dikatakaan diterlantarkan, menurut Pasal 6 ayat (1) PP No. 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Penertiban dan Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar, hak milik tersebut diidentifikasi dan diteliti terlebih dahulu. Apabila upaya penertiban yang diatur dalam PP No. 11 Tahun 2010 tidak dipatuhi oleh pemiliknya, menurut Pasal 9 ayat (2) PP No. 11 Tahun 2010 Kepala BPN atas usul Kepala Kantor Wilayah BPN menetapkan tanah tersebut sebagai tanah terlantar, sehingga menjadi tanah yang dikuasai langsung oleh Negara. Walaupun penelantaran tanah dapat mengakibatkan hapusnya hak atas tanah, akan tetapi dalam kenyataannya di Kota Banda Aceh masih dijumpai adanya hak milik atas tanah yang diterlantarkan (terindikasi terlantar). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hak milik atas tanah yang terindikasi terlantar di Kota Banda Aceh belum dapat dikategorikan sebagai tanah terlantar, karena penelantaran tersebut bukan dilakukan dengan sengaja. Penelantaran tanah termasuk hak milik atas tanah dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya keindahan Kota Banda Aceh dan dapat mengganggu warga masyarakat di sekitarnya. Upaya yang ditempuh pihak Kanwil BPN Provinsi Aceh terhadap hak milik atas tanah yang terindikasi terlantar di Kota Banda Aceh sampai saat ini hanya baru sebatas melakukan pemantauan di lapangan, yang dilakukan oleh pihak Kantor Pertanahan Kota Banda Aceh.Article 27 of the Act Number 5, 1960 on the Fundamental Agrarian Rules states known as the Agrarian Act (later celled as UUPA) that the right of owning the land title right states that the right is void if it is owned by a state one of those is it is abandoned. The land can be deemed as abandoned land, pursuant to Article 6 (1) of the Government Regulation Number 11, 2010 regarding the Enforcement and Empowerment of Abandoned Land,the Right is identified and investigated in order to determine whether the land can be deemed as abandoned land. If the effort of enforcement base don the mechanism ruled in the Government Regulation Number 11, 2010 is not obeyed by the land owners, hence Article 9 (2) of the Government Regulation Number 11, 2010 the Head of the Land Authority Agency base don the reference of the Head of Regional National Land Authority could determine that the land is deemed as abandoned land and it becomes the land owned directly by a State. Despite the fact that he abandonment of the land causes the void of the right in Banda Aceh can be found the right that is abandoned (indicated abandoned). The research shows that the right, which is indicated abandoned in Banda Aceh, has not been grouped as abandoned land as the abandonment is not done intentionally. The abandonment of the land might be said as the factor causing the insight views of Banda Aceh and it can disturb the society around the land. The efforts done by the National Land Authority of Aceh Province towards the land's right that is indicated abandoned in Banda Aceh till now is only observation that is done by the National Land Authority office of Banda Aceh.
Pasal 21 ayat (4) Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan menyatakan Penyusunan program legislasi nasional di lingkungan pemerintah dikoordinasikan oleh Menteri yang menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan di bidang hukum. Tujuan penulisan untuk menyelesaikan konsekuensi hukum Kedudukan Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional dan fungsi legislasi. Berdasarkan Objek masalah terdapat 2 (dua) penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini, penelitian hukum penelitian yuridis normatif. Sumber data adalah data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier, dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Disarankan kepada pemerintah dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh UU Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 terkait keberadaan program legislasi nasional baik dari segi wewenang, kedudukan serta fungsi dan tugas lebih dibebankan kepada DPR. Langkah ini diharapkan dapat mendukung terwujudnya pembangunan hukum nasional di Indonesia.Law No. 12 of 2011 which is regulating law (regelling) in carrying out it's duties had changed following the 1945 amendment to the authorities, positions, duties and functions in the formation of the legislation. The BPHN is the government institution in charge of coaching the integrated and comprehensive national law. It is suggested that the government and the House of Representatives as mandated by Law No. 12 of 2011 that they work on the existence of the National Legislation Program in terms of authority, position and more in the functions and duties. These stepsare expected to support the realization of national law development in Indonesia.
ABSTRACT: The Province of Aceh has wide forest area which is potential for forest carbon trade in international market. However, incomplateness of legal bases for carbon trade which is consistant to wide-special Aceh autonomy and sincron and harmonis with Indonesian national law may create abstracles in utilizing that opportunities. This research is aimed at providing input to Government of Aceh in selecting alternative precise legal entities and regulating Aceh forest carbon trade in international market. In this research the combination of normative, comperative, and social-legal research approaches, to answer legal issues as research questions. The finding shows that is utilized proper implementing legal entities for Aceh forest carbon trade in international market is that which can combine various elements and interests of right holders and stakeholders. Combination of government, componies and civil society will strengthen synergicity and strengths in performing activities. Regulating Aceh forest carbon trade can be implemented in form of specific Qanun Aceh or as a part of contents of Qanun Aceh on Forestry and/or in governatorial decree, as implementing regulation which is already directed by related Qanun Aceh. It is recommended to Government of Aceh to increase socialization and participation of right holdels and stakeholders in each process of management and creating relevant legislation and/or regulation. Aceh Forest Carbon Trade: Legal Analysis In The Planning Step
Menurut Perpres Nomor 54 Tahun 2010 dan Gubernur Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pembentukan Unit Layanan Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah Aceh, di dalam pasal 17 disebutkan untuk menjadi pokja harus Aparatur Negeri Sipil (ASN), Sedangkan di dalam Peraturan Gubernur Aceh Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 Tentang Unit Layanan Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah Aceh tidak diatur tentang hak-hak pegawai pokja, Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui implementasi struktur dan kedudukan kelompok kerja pada unit layanan pengadaan Aceh sudah sesuai dengan Perpres No 54 tahun 2010 berserta perubahannya, untuk mengetahui konsekuensi yuridis jika penempatan kelompok kerja dalam struktur dan kedudukan unit layanan pengadaan Aceh belum sesuai sebagaimana yang diamanahkan oleh Perpres No 54 tahun 2010 berserta perubahannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif (yuridis normatif) dan penelitian hukum empiris (yuridis empiris). Penelitian ini mengunakan data skunder, data primer dan data tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Pejabat Unit Layanan Pengadaan atau Pokja ULP seringkali menghadapai permasalahan diantaranya tugas dan tanggung jawab ditempat ASN berkerja dengan pekerjaannya sebagai Pokja ULP yang bersifat ad-hoc (sementara), kuatnya arus intervensi dari pihak-pihak tertuntu yang mengatasnamakan tempat porsenil Pokja selaku ASN bekerja, tidak mendapatkan penilaian kinerja dari ULP sebagaimana yang ditentukan oleh Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 46 Tahun 2011 Tentang Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil bahwa di dalam pasal 1 ayat (3) menyebutkan Prestasi kerja adalah hasil kerja yang dicapai oleh setiap PNS pada satuan organisasi sesuai dengan Sasaran Kerja Pegawai (SKP) dan perilaku kerja.According to Presidential Regulation Number . 54, 2010 and Governor Number 4, 2015 on the Establishment of Aceh Government Goods / Services Procurement Unit, in Article 17 it is mentioned to be a working group for Apparatus Civil Nation (ASN), while in Aceh Governor Regulation Number 4, 2015 The Aceh Government Goods / Service Procurement Unit is not regulated on the rights of the working groups This system is having a lot of weaknesses and it causes the group is at the governmental institutions either in regional or central. This research aims to know the implementation of structure and the position of working group at the unit of Aceh Procurements whether has been in according with the Presidential Regulation Number 54, 2010 together its changes, to know the juridical consequences if the imposition of the working group in the structure and the Aceh's Service Procurement has not been in accordance with the Presidential Regulation Number 54, 2010 together its changes. This is juridical normative legal research. This research applies secondary, primary and tertiary data. The research shows that Official Procurement Unit or the Group of ULP is often facing problems that are their duties and responsibilities at civil servant units with the job on the ULP Group Unit that is temporary, the strengths of intervention from certain parties of the official as the servants do not have the working reviews from ULP as determined by the Indonesian governmental regulation Number 46, 2011 on the Review of Civil Servants Working as started in Article 1 (3) stating that Working Reward is a reward obtained by the civil servants at a organization with the aim of the servant and the working behave and dutie.
