Suchergebnisse

The present article explores how factual and fictional media portrayals may activate culturally shared racial and gender stereotypes and influence subsequent judgments involving members of stereotyped groups. In line with previous research (Power, Murphy, and Coover 1996), new data are presented that demonstrate that exposure to a stereotypic or counterstereotypic portrayal primes consistent interpretations of unrelated events (such as the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings, the William Kennedy Smith-Patricia Bowman rape accusations, and spousal abuse). Both cognitive and motivational factors such as ingroup-outgroup bias appear to influence the relative weight given factual as opposed to fictional portrayals. For instance, men were equally harsh in the wake of a stereotypic female portrayal regardless of whether they believed it to be factual or fictitious. Moreover, men tended to discount a fictitious counterstereotypic portrayal of a female, whereas women were more likely to dismiss a fictitious stereotypic portrayal. Recommendations are offered suggesting how media portrayals might successfully reduce prejudice.

Explores how factual & fictional media portrayals may activate culturally shared racial & gender stereotypes & influence subsequent judgments involving members of stereotyped groups. Survey data from 400 undergraduates on the West Coast demonstrate that exposure to a stereotypic or counterstereotypic portrayal primes consistent interpretations of unrelated events (eg, the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings, the William Kennedy Smith-Patricia Bowman rape accusations, & spousal abuse). Both cognitive & motivational factors, eg, ingroup-outgroup bias, appear to influence the relative weight given factual vs fictional portrayals; eg, men were equally harsh in the wake of a stereotypic female portrayal regardless of whether they believed it to be factual or fictitious. Moreover, men tended to discount a fictitious counterstereotypic portrayal of a female, whereas women were more likely to dismiss a fictitious stereotypic portrayal. Recommendations suggest how media portrayals might successfully reduce prejudice. 3 Figures, 36 References. Adapted from the source document.

Purpose: To determine the relative impact of framing on employee intention to adopt wearable technology (eg, Fitbits) at work. Setting and Design: Posttest only online experiment utilizing a 2 (framing: organizational efficiency vs individual health) × 2 (financial incentive: absent vs present) between-subjects design. Participants: Participants (N = 310) were 18 years or older, currently employed, and residing in the United States. Measures: Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) subscale on behavioral intent (modified for wearable technology). Analysis: Chi-square and between-subjects analysis of variance. Results: Participants receiving the organizational efficiency frame ( M = 3.97) expressed significantly lower intention to adopt a wearable compared to the individual health frame ( M = 4.37), F2,308 = 3.99, P = .047. Financial incentives had a positive effect on adoption intention ( M = 4.39 with incentive, M = 3.95 no incentive), F2,308 = 4.46, P = .036. The main effects of frame and incentive were additive, with participants in the individual health with incentive condition (n = 78, M = 4.60) expressing the highest intention to adopt and organizational efficiency without incentive expressing the lowest adoption intention (n = 77, M = 3.80; P = .03). Conclusions: Messaging emphasizing individual health benefits plus financial incentives might prove most successful when encouraging adoption of wearables at work.

Abstract
Interpersonal contacts play important roles in women's health decisions. By using personal network analysis with a focus on specific role relationships, we can better examine interpersonal influences on health decision-making. Data were collected through face-to-face surveys of Hispanic women (N = 1632). Using an ego network name generator and name interpreters, participants detailed their personal networks for discussion about women's health issues. Participants reported a mean of 1.99 (SD = 1.33) social network contacts with whom they discuss women's health issues, of whom the most commonly reported contacts were female friends, sisters, mothers, and husbands, boyfriends, or partners. Many of the contacts nominated were family members, yielding a high personal network density (M = 0.84, SD = 0.32). Controlling for participant demographics and other forms of social influence, role relations' encouragement to get a Pap test and personal network exposure to Pap test discussions were associated with Pap test status. Personal network analysis should leverage information on specific role relations. Given the importance of personal network contacts for women's health status, health educators and medical professionals must account for women's personal social networks in developing health interventions.

Purpose This study tested the relative efficacy of a culturally tailored dramatic narrative promoting COVID-19 vaccination in changing attitudes and behavioral intent among unvaccinated Latinas compared to a nonnarrative control containing similar information. Design A pretest-posttest experimental study with unvaccinated Latinas randomly assigned to watch either a dramatic narrative featuring Latina characters countering prevalent myths about COVID-19 vaccines or a nonnarrative film containing similar information (control condition). Setting The experiment was hosted online with the films embedded in the survey. Participants Three-hundred-ninety adult Latinas living in the United States (mean age = 33.4 years; SD = 11.2) who had not been vaccinated against COVID-19 despite being eligible. At pretest, 57.7% were hesitant and 42.3% were resistant (refusing) to get vaccinated. Measures Self-reported measures of engagement with the film, COVID-19 vaccine attitudes, and intent to get vaccinated within 30 days at pretest and posttest. Results Resistant women were significantly more engaged in the dramatic narrative than the nonnarrative control film ( P = .03). Being engaged in a film predicted more positive post-viewing attitudes toward the vaccine (b = .28; P < .001) and higher intent to get vaccinated (b = 2.34, P < .001). Conclusion Using culturally tailored stories to promote healthy behaviors such as vaccination can be an effective way of reaching resistant audiences.

Abstract:
Social norms are an important predictor of health behavior and have been targeted by a variety of health communication campaigns. However, these campaigns often encounter challenges related to the socially specific context in which norms exist: specifically, the extent to which the target population identifies with the specific reference group depicted and the extent to which the target population believes the campaign's message. We argue that because of its capacity to effect identification among viewers, narrative communication is particularly appropriate for impacting social norms and, consequently, behavioral intention. This manuscript presents the results of a randomized trial testing the effectiveness of two films – one narrative, one non-narrative – in changing perceived social norms and behavioral intention regarding Pap testing to detect cervical cancer. Results of the study indicate that the narrative film was in fact more effective at producing positive changes in perceived norms and intention.

Can stories succeed where traditional forms of diplomacy have faltered? This study examined whether a primetime drama could impact American viewers' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior with respect to U.S. foreign policy and funding by surveying 173 viewers of an episode of Law & Order: SVU ("Witness"). Additionally, this study sought to uncover which theoretical construct — involvement with a specific character or involvement with the narrative more generally (transportation) — best predicted impact. The fictional character in question was Nardelie, a woman forced to flee the Democratic Republic of the Congo after repeated rape by militias vying for "conflict minerals," so named because control of these valuable minerals has triggered numerous conflicts. Separate regression analyses suggested a positive relationship between impact of the storyline and both theoretical constructs. However, when both constructs were entered into a single regression, involvement with Nardelie was the stronger predictor of knowledge (e.g., conflict minerals, sexual violence, and asylum issues) and current or future behavior (i.e., discussing global health) while transportation was the stronger predictor of attitudes (i.e., support for aid). This suggests that, while correlated, these constructs do not completely overlap. Implications of these results and the use of entertainment education in public diplomacy are discussed.