Suchergebnisse

El énfasis en el concepto de "justicia social" en la teoría de la justicia moderna en comparación con el alcance más amplio de la teoría clásica de justicia refleja un cambio general en el que la teoría de la justicia se ha convertido en una preocupación que atañe más a los filósofos políticos que a los juristas. Este artículo analiza dos libros que avanzan hacia una teoría de la justicia social moderna y no ideal, que son Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? de Michael Sandel y The Idea of Justice de Amartya Sen. El artículo examina primero la teoría de Sandel sobre la virtud, a la luz sobre todo de la relación entre la ética y la política. A continuación, proporciona una explicación de la teoría de la justicia de Sen, que se basa en gran parte de su "enfoque de capacidades" de la economía del bienestar. Comparando el comunitarismo de Sandel con la teoría de la justicia transnacional, cosmopolita y pluralista de Sen, el artículo pone de relieve cómo ambos autores, al igual que la gran mayoría de los teóricos contemporáneos de la justicia, confunden la idea general de "justicia" y el caso específico de "justicia social", que es una forma de lo que se denomina clásicamente «justicia distributiva». Palabras clave: Teoría de la justicia, justicia social, ética de la virtud, comunitarismo, enfoque de las capacidades, elección social, justicia natural, justicia convencional, justicia distributiva, justicia rectificadora (conmutativa), justicia recíproca. Abstract: The emphasis on the concept of 'social justice' in modern justice theory compared with the much broader reach of classical justice theory reflects a general shift in which justice theory has become more a concern of political philosophers than jurists. This article discusses two books that each advance a non-ideal modern social justice theory, namely Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? by Michael J Sandel and The Idea of Justice by Amartya Sen. The article first examines Sandel's virtue-oriented theory in light particularly of the relationship between ethics and politics. It then provides an account of Sen's justice theory, which is based in great part on his 'capability approach' to welfare economics. In comparing Sandel's communitarianism with Sen's transnational, cosmopolitan and pluralistic justice theory, the article emphasizes how both writers, like the vast majority of modern justice theorists, conflate the general idea of 'justice' and the specific case of 'social justice', which is but one form of what is termed classically 'distributive justice'. Keywords: Justice theory, social justice, virtue ethics, communitarianism, capability approach, social choice, natural justice, conventional justice, distributive justice, rectificatory (commutative) justice, reciprocal justice

This article will attempt to sketch what are considered to be the necessary conditions for the advancement of democratic citizenship in society today. The pivotal role that education plays in this process will be examined and, for that purpose, particular reference will be made to two very influential educationalists, who have written extensively on the nature of the educational project, especially in its relation to democratic citizenship. The capacity for such a project in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) will be examined, particularly in the light of those same educationalists. It is anticipated that this examination will help to unveil, what this author considers to be, educational 'limit-situations' in the RoI's schooling system. It is suggested that such situations inhibit the full-flourishing of democratic citizenship there. The article will conclude with an outline of potential 'limit-acts', from an educational perspective, which could help to counteract the aforementioned 'limit-situations'. In that respect, particular attention will be drawn to the potential of service-learning for pre-service teacher educators.

An introduction to public-private partnerships --P3s across Canada --Assessing P3s : the public sector --The procurement process --Risk allocation --The project agreement --Financing P3 projects --Pass-down of risk part I : common principles --Pass-down of risk part II : construction --Pass-down of risk part III : operations, maintenance and rehabilitation --Other key agreements --Dispute resolution /by Jason Annibale --Municipalities and P3 projects --P3s in the United States --P3s and Indigenous communities : a tool for reconciliation.

Gay Ethics is an anthology that addresses ethical questions involving key moral issues of today--sexual morality, outing, gay and lesbian marriages, military service, anti-discrimination laws, affirmative action policies, the moral significance of sexual orientation research, and the legacy of homophobia in health care. It focuses on these issues within the social context of the lives of gay men and lesbians and makes evident the ways in which ethics can and should be reclaimed to pursue the moral good for gay men and lesbians.Gay Ethics is a timely book that illustrates the inadequa

Parents routinely turn to prenatal testing to screen for genetic or chromosomal disorders or to learn their child's sex. What if they could use similar prenatal interventions to learn (or change) their child's sexual orientation? Bioethicists have debated the moral implications of this still-hypothetical possibility for several decades. Some commentators fear that any scientific efforts to understand the origins of homosexuality could mean the end of gay and lesbian people, if parents shy away from having homosexual children. Others defend parents' rights to choose the traits of their children in general and see no reason to treat sexual orientation differently. In this book, Timothy Murphy traces the controversy over prenatal selection of sexual orientation, offering a critical review of the literature and presenting his own argument in favor of parents' reproductive liberty. Arguing against commentators who want to restrict the scientific study of sexual orientation or technologies that emerge from that study, Murphy proposes a defense of parents' right to choose. This, he argues, is the only view that helps protect children from hurtful family environments, that is consistent with the increasing powers of prenatal interventions, and that respects human futures as something other than accidents of the genetic lottery.

AIDS strikes most heavily at those already marginalized by conventional society. With no immediate prospect of vaccination or cure, how can liberty, dignity, and reasoned hope be preserved in the shadow of an epidemic? In this humane and graceful book, philosopher Timothy Murphy offers insight into our attempts--popular and academic, American and non-American, scientific and political--to make moral sense of pain. Murphy addresses the complex moral questions raised by AIDS for health-care workers, politicians, policy makers, and even people with AIDS themselves. He ranges widely, analyzing contrasting visions of the origin and the future of the epidemic, the moral and political functions of obituaries, the uncertain value of celebrity involvement in anti-AIDS education, the functional uses of AIDS in the discourse of presidential campaigns, the exclusionary function of HIV testing for immigrants, the priority given to AIDS on the national health agenda, and the hypnotic publicity given to "innocent" victims. Murphy's discussions of the many social and political confusions about AIDS are unified by his attempt to articulate the moral assumptions framing our interpretations of the epidemic. By understanding those assumptions, we will be in a better position to resist self-serving and invidious moralizing, reckless political response, and social censure of the sick and the dying

ABSTRACT
Lovecraft and Stapledon imagined alien societies as utopias whose order and destiny derive from their citizens' eugenically altered physiologies. Stapledon's focus on eugenics as a means for achieving utopia during the interwar period is well known, but Lovecraft's worldview is generally understood to be dysgenic and dystopian in its obsession with racial and cultural degeneration. Lovecraft's fullest depiction of an alien civilization, the Old Ones in At the Mountains of Madness, relies upon a eugenic prehistory that is never explicitly narrated. The Old Ones' implicitly eugenic origin accounts for the utopian features of their society but also foreshadows their fall to their genetically engineered slave species, the shoggoths, which supplant their creators through their superior adaptability. The failure of the Old Ones' eugenics of homogeneity contrasts with the triumph of the eugenic project of diversification pursued by the Symbiotic civilization, which leads the cosmos to utopia in Stapledon's Star Maker.