Suchergebnisse

The Incident of George Floyd's death reminds people of the peril of discrimination that still exists within the American society. The incident has triggered worldwide reactions from people who feel sympathy for the victim and reject racism. To eliminate racial discrimination, every modern society needs to remove any negative paradigm towards intergroup relation. In the context of the United States, the American Government has the responsibility to protect the rights of citizens from any forms of discrimination. That includes racial discrimination. In addition, people have to be reminiscent of the danger of racial discrimination in the modern era. The danger has the ability to disturb human rights protection. This study revealed history, criteria, and impacts of discrimination within the scope of human rights protection.Memerangi Diskriminasi dalam Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia: Perjuangan Tiada Akhir Abstrak Insiden George Floyd seakan mengingatkan kembali bahaya diskriminasi yang masih ada di masyarakat AS. Kejadian itu memunculkan reaksi dari orang-orang yang turut bersimpati dan menolak rasialisme dari seluruh belahan dunia. Masyarakat modern semestinya sudah mengubah pandangannya yang negatif terhadap kelompok lain, sehingga tidak terjadi diskriminasi rasial. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah AS memiliki tanggung jawab untuk melindungi hak warga negaranya dari segala bentuk diskriminasi termasuk diskriminasi rasial. Di samping itu, masyarakat perlu diingatkan kembali tentang bahaya diskriminasi rasial di era modern yang dapat mengganggu perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Tulisan ini akan menyoroti tentang sejarah, tolak-ukur, dan akibat diskriminasi terhadap perlindungan hak asasi manusia.Kata kunci: afro-amerika, diskriminasi-rasial, hak asasi manusia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n2.a4

This paper aims to develop a joint financing method between banks and cooperatives in which cooperatives in globalization look increasingly lagging behind due to unfinished capital problems and a system that is still traditional at a time of increasingly modern world developments. Therefore, the government made regulations to overcome this problem by creating a Linkage Program. The problem is focused on the cooperative relationship at the Joint financing stage as one of the models of the Linkage program, between South Bandung Farmers Cooperatives with BPR Bandung Kidul. There are various problems in achieving fair and legal cooperation. The method used in this research is normative juridical analysis with descriptive analytical writing methods. This study concludes that the obstacles that hamper the Joint financing relationship, one of which is the ownership of majority shares by cooperatives that can harm the principle of prudence and good corporate governance of the bank. Secondly, in the joint financing relationship between cooperatives and banks in practice no agreements were carried out which could result in business interference by both parties.

ABSTRAK Efektivitas koperasi dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa mengalami banyak hambatan, terutama dalam hal permodalan. Permasalahan tersebut tidak mencapai titik temu sampai akhirnya Pemerintah Indonesia mencanangkan pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) sebagai alternatif peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Menjawab permasalahan koperasi, BUMDes mendapatkan bantuan berupa dana desa yang bersumber dari APBN sebagai sumber modal. Namun demikian, timbul masalah krusial terkait pengelolaan dana desa tersebut, yaitu perihal pengawasan dan pertanggung-jawaban keuangan negara. Artikel ini membandingkan hambatan efektivitas kedua sarana peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa, yaitu Koperasi dan BUMDes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analisis. Metode analisis data berupa yuridis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hambatan permodalan yang dialami koperasi tidak perlu diselesaikan dengan pembentukan badan hukum baru, melainkan melalui linkage program antara Bank Umum dengan Koperasi yang dicanangkan Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah. Kata kunci: bumdes, ekonomi, koperasi, masyarakat desa, solusi keuangan desa. ABSTRACT The effectiveness of cooperatives in an effort to improve the well-being of villagers has some issues, especially in terms of funding. Government presumably could not come up with the solution to that, and creating the establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises (VOE) as an alternative instead. Answering the issue faced by cooperatives, VOE get the funding scheme through Village Fund, which principally comes from the State Budget. However, the new crucial issue comes up regarding the capital management, such as the supervision and accountability of that State Budget. This article compares barriers to the effectivity of both cooperatives and VOE. This research used normative juridical approach method, and descriptive analysis specification. Data analysis conducted in the form of juridical qualitative methods. Based on the research results, the funding issue faced by cooperatives does not need to be settled through formulating new institution, but instead, through linkage program scheme between cooperative and the Bank which initiated by the Ministry of Cooperative and Small and Medium Enterprises. Keywords: village owned enterprises, economy, village community, village financial solutions.

ABSTRACTThe Government's program to accelerate the development of the real sector and the empowerment of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), one of which is set forth in the policy package for the distribution of People's Business Credit (KUR). However, in its implementation, the KUR program experienced several problems and could not be carried out only by relying on funds from the Government or banks for the development of MSMEs. This is due to the fact that banks in conducting their business must always pay attention to the principle of banking prudence, while the KUR program requires banks to relax the conditions of their debtors who want to obtain credit or financing. This research uses the normative juridical approach method by emphasizing the study of literature and supported by data from field research. The results showed that the KUR program in its implementation could be synergized with the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program. The CSR program can be a solution to the problems faced by the KUR program where later the CSR program can be used as a trigger for banking business reengineering in implementing the KUR program that can provide benefits for stakeholders. Keywords: People's Business Credit, Corporate Social Responsibility, Business Reengineering

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a commitment from a company to contribute to the community around the company's operational area. The Local Government of West Java Province established a Regulation which regulates the implementation of CSR programs in West Java. This research aims to determine the regulation and application the CSR Program in West Java by using the audit of legal quality theory. This research is based on documents and activities such as the Regional Medium Term Development Plan document (RPJMD), and research in Nagrog Village. Based on the results of the research, the implementation of CSR has been carried out well and in accordance with the Regulations of West Java Province, although there are some deficiencies that can be corrected and developed. Keywords: Audit of Legal Quality, Corporate Social Responsibility, Local Government Regulation

Micro-business is one of the activities that is currently almost 90% the share of business in Indonesia, considering the micro business is an informal business, and not many micro-businesses have been touched by the financing sector so that micro-businesses are not affected in the economic crisis. In addition, micro-businesses are complicated to develop their businesses due to the lack of requirements to get funding and guidance that is still not effective, resulting in the lack of information for businesses to take advantage of existing market share. Moreover, micro-businesses must also be able to adapt to continue and grow amidst the current difficult conditions. The problems in this study are 1. Growth of Micro Businesses and the Concept of Development and Funding amid Technology-Based Business Competition 2. Legal Aspects of Micro-Business Development in the Welfare State's Goals. Results of this Research As the goal of the welfare state is one of them to improve the social welfare of the community. Micro-businesses participate in the purpose of the welfare state because remembering micro business as one of the fundamental pillars of driving the economy in Indonesia. It is necessary to have an active role of government and society to participate in building micro-businesses to be more developed so that the increase of the economy both in the region and nationally. So that the government must be able to facilitate businesses so that micro businesses can develop as the objectives of the welfare state. ; Micro-business is one of the activities that is currently almost 90% the share of business in Indonesia, considering the micro business is an informal business, and not many micro-businesses have been touched by the financing sector so that micro-businesses are not affected in the economic crisis. In addition, micro-businesses are complicated to develop their businesses due to the lack of requirements to get funding and guidance that is still not effective, resulting in the lack of information for businesses to take advantage of existing market share. Moreover, micro-businesses must also be able to adapt to continue and grow amidst the current difficult conditions. The problems in this study are 1. Growth of Micro Businesses and the Concept of Development and Funding amid Technology-Based Business Competition 2. Legal Aspects of Micro-Business Development in the Welfare State's Goals. Results of this Research As the goal of the welfare state is one of them to improve the social welfare of the community. Micro-businesses participate in the purpose of the welfare state because remembering micro business as one of the fundamental pillars of driving the economy in Indonesia. It is necessary to have an active role of government and society to participate in building micro-businesses to be more developed so that the increase of the economy both in the region and nationally. So that the government must be able to facilitate businesses so that micro businesses can develop as the objectives of the welfare state.

In the era of modern technology as it is today and even more so in the Covid-19 pandemic, cyber notary is also mentioned as a post that needs to carry out each technical aspect of his/her authority and duties as a notary with the help of technology, especially that is related to the urgency of making a notary deed electronically. Article 16, Paragraph (1), lines C and M of the Law on Notary's Position (Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris-UUJN) requires a notary to embed a fingerprint as an attachment to the original deed and read out the deed/agreement in the presence of client attended by at least two (2) witnesses, and after being read, should be signed by the client, witnesses, and a notary. Meanwhile, the Law on Article 5 Paragraph (4) on Information Technology and Electronic Transaction (UU ITE) provides limitations by making exceptions to notary deed is not included in the category of electronic information or document. Therefore the problem concerning the creation of a legally binding relationship (a deed) using electronic means (e-Notary) has not yet received a solid legal basis and has not guaranteed legal certainty, especially regarding the authenticity and existence of the electronic deed. In addition, the research will also explore the practice of implementing the development of the cyber notary concept in the field of civil law in several countries, both those with the Common Law tradition and the Civil Law tradition, many of which have empowered the function and role of a notary in electronic transactions. The utilized research technique is the normative legal research technique by using the approach to legislation and analysis of legal concepts sourced from primary or secondary legal materials. The results indicate that the concept of a cyber notary in creating a deed by electronic means (e-Notary) requires arrangements that provide clear rules regarding the terms or conditions in the framework of making a notary or authentic deed conducted using the concept of a cyber notary. Thus, the notary can carry ...