Suchergebnisse

• Opsomming: Toe die regering van die Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek in 1887 die eerste polisiehoof vir Johannesburg aanstel, het die keuse op A.J.G. de la Rey geval. Sy dienste aan die staat tydens die gebeure in Stellaland het hom volgens die owerheid geskik gemaak om wet en orde in die ontluikende gemeenskap te handhaaf. Vir Johannesburgers was De la Rey egter onaanvaarbaar omdat hy na bewering skuldig was aan kriminele dade wat glo uit gewelddadige neigings in sy geaardheid sou spruit. Sy aanstelling is gevolglik tel wille van die rus en vrede in die Goudstad teruggetrek - 'n stap wat tot die voordeel van alle betrokkenes gestrek het. ; • Summary: In 1887 the government of the Transvaal Republic appointed its first police chief for Johannesburg. The choice fell upon A.J.G. de la Rey whose services to the state during the Stellaland disturbances made him, according to the government, the most suitable person to maintain law and order in a developing community like Johannesburg. The people of this new town, however, found De la Rey unacceptable because he was allegedly guilty of criminal acts resulting from violent tendencies in his character. The withdrawal of his appointment as head of the police, for the sake of peace in the Golden City, was therefore beneficial to all those concerned.

• Opsomming: Gedurende die republikeinse periode moes Gekleurdes in Pretoria self vir behuising sorg. Dat hierdie situasie tydens die Britse bewind voortgeduur het, kan aan faktore soos ontoereikende fondse, lakse munisipale administrasie en die tydelike aard van die bestuurstelsel gewyt word. Behuisingstoestande vir Gekleurdes was tot 1910 inderdaad uiters swak in weerwil van pogings deur die stadsraad en ander instansies om dit te verbeter. Van 1912 af is aandag gegee aan die oprigting van barakke, hostelle, modelwonings en munisipale huise. Die pogings van die plaaslike owerheid was egter onsuksesvol en daar is teruggekeer na die ou stelsel van selfvoorsiening ten opsigte van Gekleurde-behuising. Met die uitbreek van die Eerste Wêreldoorlog (1914) het die behuisingsnood vererger aangesien groot getalle Swartes hulle in Pretoria gevestig het. Oorbewoning en onderverhuring van bestaande woonhuise was spoedig aan die orde van die dag. Die hoë sterftesyfer onder Gekleurdes gedurende die 1918-griepepidemie was grootliks aan die swak behuising in Pretoria toe te skryf. Na die oorlog het Gekleurdes opnuut by die stadsraad om behuisingshulp aangeklop: kritiek teen die haglike woningtoestande in byvoorbeeld Marabastad het ook al meer opgeklink. 'n Nuwe skema waarvolgens huise opgerig sou word met lenings wat deur die stadsraad aangegaan sou word, is gekortwiek deur die gebrek aan kapitaal wat vir sodanige behuising beskikbaar was. Die stadsraad moes hierdie "modelskema" dus besnoei en in die loop van 1922 is slegs sowat 260 twee- en drievertrekhuise opgerig. Gebrekkige instromingsbeheer het in hierdie stadium tot 'n groter woningnood gelei en pogings van die stadsraad om akkommodasie aan Gekleurdes in hostelle en kampongs te verskaf, het net gedeeltelike verligting gebring. Na meer as twee dekades waartydens verskeie behuisingskemas op die proef gestel is het die stadsraad van Pretoria nie daarin geslaag om 'n oplossing vir die chroniese probleem van huisvesting vir die Gekleurde bevolking binne sy regsgebied te vind nie. ; • Summary: During the Republican period Coloured people in Pretoria had to provide their own housing. This situation was perpetuated under British rule owing to factors such as insufficient funds, lax municipal administration, and the temporary nature of the governmental system. Housing conditions for Coloured people were indeed very poor until 1910 despite some effort by the City Council and other organisations to bring about improvement. From 1912 the construction of barracks, hostels, model homes, and municipal houses was undertaken and received special attention. The efforts of the local government were not successful, however, and once again the Coloured people had to provide their own housing. With the outbreak of World War I the housing shortage increased since a growing number of Blacks moved from rural areas to Pretoria. Overcrowding and subletting were rife, and the high mortality among Coloured people during the 1918 influenza epidemic was a result of the poor housing facilities in Pretoria. After the War the Coloured people once again approached the City Council for assistance to build houses; meanwhile the housing standards in Marabastad were once more criticised. A new scheme was introduced. whereby houses were to be erected with loans negotiated by the City Council but the necessary capital for such a scheme was not available. This "model scheme" was consequently carried out on a reduced scale by the Council and in the course of 1922 only some 260 two- and three-bedroomed houses were built. Insufficient influx control at this stage gave rise to an even bigger housing shortage and the Council's efforts to accommodate Coloured people in hostels and compounds only partially alleviated the situation. After two decades – during which several housing schemes were tried – the City Council of Pretoria still could not boast of having successfully solved the chronic housing shortage for Coloureds in the area under its jurisdiction.

• Opsomming: Voor die jaar 1900 is Gekleurdes nie toegelaat om op Pretoria se sypaadjies te loop nie. Na die Britse oorname van Pretoria het daar geleidelik 'n verandering ingetree toe aanvanklik gerespekteerde Asiate en later Kleurlinge en Swartes op die sypaadjies toegelaat is. Onder Britse kroonkoloniebestuur het die verdere uitbreiding van hierdie vergunning hewige reaksie van die Blankes ontlok. Hulle wou terugkeer na die toestand soos dit voor die Tweede Vryheidsoorlog was en tot 1912 is verskeie pogings aangewend om dit te bewerkstellig. Na Uniewording in 1910 het die regering aandag gegee aan 'n wet vir stedelike Swartes, maar daar is nie oorweging aan gegee om Gekleurdes die gebruik van sypaadjies te ontsê nie. Die rede vir die Blankes van Pretoria se houding moet gesoek word in hulle onwilligheid om sosiaal met Gekleurdes te verkeer en hulle vrees dat hierdie voorregte tot gelyke regte vir Gekleurdes sou lei. Hierteenoor was daar Blankes wat geredeneer het dat deur die Gekleurdes op die sypaadjies toe te laat, erkenning aan hulle gegee sou word vir die vooruitgang wat hulle gemaak het. Die Gekleurdes self het die verbod as onnodige diskriminasie teen hulle beskou. ; • Summary: Before the year 1900 Coloureds were not allowed on Pretoria's sidewalks. After the British takeover of Pretoria this policy was changed when first respected Asians and later on Coloureds and Blacks were permitted on the sidewalks. During British crown colony government the extension of this concession evoked strong reaction from the Whites. They wanted a return to the pre-Anglo Boer War period and up to 1912 several attempts were made to secure this. After Union was established in 1910 the government worked on a law for urban Blacks, but to bar the Coloureds from the sidewalks was not considered. This attitude of the Whites of Pretoria can be attributed to their unwillingness to associate socially with Coloureds and to their fears that these privileges will lead to equal rights for Coloureds. In opposition to this some Whites regarded it as recognition of the Coloureds' progress if they were to be allowed to use the sidewalks. The Coloureds themselves, however, looked upon this prohibition as unnecessary discrimination against them.