Suchergebnisse

Using data from the national censuses of five Southeast Asian countries, this article examines entropy-based measures of the heterogeneity in a set of five markers of the transition to adulthood. Our results suggest that the transition to adulthood is becoming increasingly complex over time in all five countries; complexity is greatest for females, and important cross-national differences in heterogeneity levels and timing persist when underlying patterns of economic transformation are considered. In light of these persistent cross-national differences, we suggest that our census-based analysis should be complemented with case studies of these countries that focus on cultural or institutional influences. Results related to the importance of schooling suggest that cross-national comparisons of educational institutions would be fruitful.

This report synthesizes data from surveillance, behavioral surveys and published and unpublished research to better understand emerging patterns and trends in the HIV epidemic in Bangladesh. Taking stock of 20 years of experience with HIV in Bangladesh, this report summarizes what is known about the coverage and impact of HIV prevention services, including knowledge on risk and protective behaviors. The report is divided into nine chapters. Chapter one provides a brief introduction and an overview of the methodology used for this exercise. Chapter two discusses the risks and vulnerabilities of the high risk groups including female sex workers, injecting drug users, male who have sex with male, hijra and overlapping populations, while chapter three discusses the trend of the infection amongst partners of high risk groups. Bangladesh continues to report low condom use, which is analyzed and discussed in chapter four. Structural factors including macro level and intermediate level factors that affect HIV interventions in Bangladesh are addressed in chapter five. The national HIV response is discussed in chapter six. The report concludes with a discussion of the main findings, with recommendations for the future in chapter seven, and chapter eight and nine are annexes and references.