Assessment of cloth masks ability to limit Covid-19 particles spread: a systematic review
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 2, S. 1645-1676
ISSN: 1614-7499
11 Ergebnisse
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 2, S. 1645-1676
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 53, Heft 6, S. 1030-1040
ISSN: 1532-2491
In: Reviews on environmental health, Band 39, Heft 1, S. 13-25
ISSN: 2191-0308
Abstract
Objectives
Previous literature has shown that heavy metals (HMs) in cigarette smoke have been overestimated, and second-hand smoke (SHS) has recently raised public concern. This study aimed to review the effects of passive tobacco exposure on lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations of children and women in different biological samples.
Content
In this systematic review, two independent researchers assessed different databases/search engines including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar using Mesh terms and Text Words. Studies between January 2000 and May 2022 were included. After quality assessment, studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. A fixed or random model was used to pool the results in a meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed by using I-square and Q tests. Forest plots demonstrating the point and pooled estimates were provided.
Summary
A total of 976 studies were obtained from different databases and finally 17 studies meet our criteria and were included in our systematic review. Out of 17 studies, six studies had sufficient data for analysis and were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant difference in blood lead concentrations (BLC) between the children with SHS exposure and the control group (Hedges' g: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.01–3.86, p<0.05). Also, there were significant differences in hair levels of Cd (Hedges' g: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.04, 1.28, p<0.05) and Pb (Hedges' g: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.83, p<0.05) between children with SHS exposure compared to the control group.
Outlook
The results of the present meta-analysis showed that passive smokers had higher Pb and Cd concentrations than those who were not exposed to cigarette smoke.
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 20, S. 57801-57810
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 51, S. 77375-77385
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 38, S. 57287-57295
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 26, Heft 35, S. 35787-35796
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 6, S. 8232-8241
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 2, S. 4502-4509
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 8, S. 11675-11684
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 28, Heft 28, S. 37672-37678
ISSN: 1614-7499