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AbstractIn 2020, the French Parliament passed an amendment that put the country at the forefront of attempts by democratic states to restrict young people's access to legal online pornography. This study examines the necessity for and potential efficacy of the amendment, Article 23, through a comparative analysis of emerging legislative and regulatory approaches in France, the UK, Canada, Utah, and Germany, and through a survey of French 15‐, 16‐, and 17‐year‐olds. Among other things, our survey shows that 41% of 15‐, 16‐, and 17‐year‐olds in France visit dedicated pornographic sites, on average monthly and often much more frequently. However, the range of media platforms via which French adolescents are exposed to pornography, their knowledge about technologies that could circumvent age verification, and the power, scope, and implementation of Article 23 may limit the legislation's efficacy. Our findings suggest the mechanisms that may limit its efficacy include media displacement, socio‐technical circumvention, and the Article's relatively broad and imprecise nature. This study has implications for legislators and regulators in democratic countries beyond France as they too grapple with the challenges of regulating online pornography. Furthermore, it extends the often contradictory and/or limited evidence that exists about adolescents' consumption of pornography.

In 2020, the French Parliament passed an amendmentthat put the country at the forefront of attempts bydemocratic states to restrict young people's access tolegal online pornography. This study examines thenecessity for and potential efficacy of the amendment,Article 23, through a comparative analysis of emerginglegislative and regulatory approaches in France, the UK,Canada, Utah, and Germany, and through a survey ofFrench 15‐,16‐, and 17‐year‐olds. Among other things,our survey shows that 41% of 15‐,16‐,and17‐year‐oldsin France visit dedicated pornographic sites, on averagemonthly and often much more frequently. However, therange of media platforms via which French adolescentsare exposed to pornography, their knowledge abouttechnologies that could circumvent age verification, andthe power, scope, and implementation of Article 23 maylimit the legislation's efficacy. Ourfindings suggest themechanisms that may limit its efficacy include mediadisplacement, socio‐technical circumvention, and theArticle's relatively broad and imprecise nature. Thisstudy has implications for legislators and regulators indemocratic countries beyond France as they too grapplewith the challenges of regulating online pornography.Furthermore, it extends the often contradictory and/orlimited evidence that exists about adolescents' con-sumption of pornography.