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The role of foreign capital in economic growth has been a burning topic of debate in several countries including India. It is not possible for a developing country like India to grow without sufficient import of capital because of the gaps that exist in domestic savings and capital requirements. The Government of India has taken many initiatives to attract foreign capital to boost the Indian economy since liberalization. As a result, India has received Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to the tune of US $ 355415 million as at the end of December 2014. This study has assessed the growth of GDP and Exports along with the composition of foreign capital, i.e. Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), External commercial Borrowings (ECBs), and NRI Deposits in India during the period 1991 to 2014 which is based on secondary data. This study has analyzed the trends of foreign capital inflows in the form of source wise, country wise and reveals that the effect of foreign capital inflows have a positive impact on GDP and Export except the source of ECBs on GDP, ECBs and NRI deposits on Export which both are not significant as per model formulation.

This volume examines how religion is intrinsically related to politics in India. Based on studies from states across the length and breadth of India, it looks at political formations that inform political discourse on the national level and maps the trajectory of religion in politics. The chapters in this volume: discuss contemporary trends in Indian politics, including Hindutva, citizenship bills and mob violence; draw on fieldwork conducted across states and regions in India on critical themes, includingthe role of religion in electoral process, political campaigns and voting behaviour, political and ideological mobilization, and state politics vis--vis religion, among minorities; focus on the emerging politicsof the 21st century. The book will be akey reference text for scholars and researchers of politics, religion, sociology, media and culture studies, and South Asian studies.

The primary endeavor of this paper is to illuminate the contentious Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 through the constitution and human rights jurisprudence perspective. In this paper, an attempt has been made to propose a different interpretation of the Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 which not only infracts constitutional values but also legalized the hate against minorities, especially Muslims. India—as a nation state—has always cherished and remained concerned about its secular and democratic character. Since independence, India has maintained its global position as a responsible and humane society to protect minorities' rights and social justice. Shockingly, the legislative development that had taken place in the recent past has questioned India's commitment toward the certain principle of human rights, democratic values, and secularism which are the hallmark of the Constitution of India. The Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 has put religion as a pre-requisite qualification if someone is desirous to apply for Indian citizenship which is purely a violation of the basic ethos of the constitution. The idea of India as envisioned by the framers of the Indian constitution as a democratic, secular, and socialist state and anything that contrary to its basic structure is unconstitutional. The contentious legislation whether unconstitutional or not needs to be examined through the prism of constitutional law and fundamental norms of human rights. In this research exercise, a modest attempt is made to examine all merits and demerits of this antagonistic citizenship legislation. Throughout the paper, the effort has been given to sustain the notion that India cannot be a republic founded on discrimination, hate, and a pervasive sense of fear.

Background: According to numerous researches conducted earlier, Vitamin D deficiency with low dietary calcium intake in the Indian population. In addition to low dietary intake, Vitamin D deficiency is also present in people diagnosed with liver, kidney, skin and ortho disorders. Because of many factors, Vitamin D deficiency is a universal concern. Aims: We aim to assess and compare vitamin D disease trends in a group of patients with non-cholestatic CLD. Materials and methods: It is hospital-based cross sectional study was performed in Government General Hospital Suryapet, Telangana, from 2018 to 2019, the research period was one year. Cases with Non-cholestatic Chronic Vitamin D deficiency Class with hepatic disease with age & gender. In each category, we increased the sample size to 80 patients. Results: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 36% and 48.8% respectively among CLD patients. In present study, we selected 80 patients in which 65 (81.3%) were males and 15 (18.7%) were females, with mean age 45±12.1 years. 60 (75%) of the cases were diagnosed with alcoholic CLD (60 males ). Vitamin D deficiency 30 ng/mL in 12 cases(15%). Low vitamin D levels were significantly associated with a higher MELD value(p<0.05). The mean vitamin D level was 31+4.1 with Child-Pugh Class A (n=9), 23+5.1 with Class B (n=48) and 15.1+6.9 with Class C (n=33). With increased severity of cirrhosis, there was a strong trend towards lower vitamin D levels (p<0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, considering the high prevalence of deficiency of vitamin D in chronic liver diseasepatients, it seems appropriate to conduct periodic screening to assess the extent of vitamin Din this population.

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