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The conception of relevance has come to be increasingly under discussion in various scientific fields under the recent social-cultural-historical conditions of the globalization, digitalization, and liquidation of society. In my opinion, many of these various discussions are, explicitly or implicitly, founded on Alfred Schutz's ideas about relevance. This essay aims to clarify his sociological conception of relevance founded on phenomenological investigations by inquiries into what he said about the concept and problem of relevance through a comparison between Schutz's ideas on how to deal with the «incomprehensiveness» of the «totality» of the world with M. Weber's and F. von Hayek's with reference to Schutz's ideas as to how human experience proceeds

***Vários modos de fundamentação para a Sociologia: Weber, Parsons e Schutz***A fundamentação de verstehende Soziologie apresentada pelo próprio Max Weber foi suficiente para que ele pudesse lidar com seus problemas sociológicos concretos. Contudo, pareceu ser insuficiente para Alfred Schutz assim como para Talcott Parsons, a despeito do reconhecimento de ambos em relação às ideias de Weber sobre essa sociologia enquanto tal. Schutz criticou que Weber pouco esclareceu sobre os fundamentos de seus conceitos mais importantes, enquanto Parsons criticou a tendência de Weber "de obscurecer o papel essencialmente não-ficcional do sistema de teoria generalizado". O que significa a diferença entre eles? Esse artigo tenta dar uma resposta a esta questão comparando Weber e Parsons, Weber e Schutz e Schutz e Parsons, concentrando-se sobretudo nos conceitos de "Verstehen" (compreensão), "ação" e "significado subjetivo". Com essa análise comparativa espera-se jogar luzes sobre contribuições da fenomenologia para a sociologia.

This book is intended as a celebration of the legacy of Alfred Schutz in honor of the 100th anniversary of the year of his birth in 1999. It represents the contributions of a number of Schutzian scholars from the United States, Europe and Asia who have reflected on the significance of Schutz's work for philosophy and the human sciences for many years. Their work was first presented at international conferences held at Waseda University, Japan, March, 1999, the University of Konstanz, Germany, May 1999, and at the meetings of the Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences at the University of Oregon, USA, October, 1999. The editors were organizers of these conferences. These contributions trace connections and continuities with other major theorists and scholars ranging from Max Weber to Talcott Parsons and Pierre Bourdieu, to assessments of his contributions to methodology and social theory, to ethics and the political sphere, to his appeal in fields beyond philosophy, as well as to his wide-ranging explorations of the life-world. Schutz's legacy continues to be found in various places in the human sciences and philosophy and in the intersections of these disciplines. These papers contribute to the on-going dialogue and assessment of Schutz's corpus of work and to fresh appraisals of the continuing relevance of his work.

Through a wide-ranging international collection of papers, this volume provides theoretical and historical insights into the development and application of phenomenological sociology and ethnomethodology and offers detailed examples of research into social phenomena from these standpoints. All the articles in this volume join together to testify to the enormous efficacy and potential of both phenomenological sociology and ethnomethodology