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The teaching of Indonesian history, in many cases in school, remains dominated by history of politics and political indoctrination, underscoring the need for critical and holistic learning. This paper aims to analyze the Indonesian National History textbooks used in schools, and to examine the possibility of teaching Indonesian history that goes beyond political indoctrination and is holistic. The method used in this paper is the analysis of an Indonesian National History textbooks that have been used as the main textbook for the history subject in schools. The teaching of Indonesian history in schools is still dominated by a single version of historical events. The narratives of Indonesian history lessons often ignore different perspectives, or other aspects of historical events that are of interest. Indonesian history does not only belong to the winners. A holistic approach to the teaching of history is expected to help enrich students' knowledge of past events and provide a clearer picture of the history of a multicultural society. For example, a discussion of the Benteng economic policy should not only revolve around the points of view of one ethnic group and ignore the suffering of others. In other cases, discussions on the PKI revolt often neglect human rights aspects, et cetera. Not only should students gain knowledge about past events based on the dominant interpretations, but are also exposed to the narratives of marginalized people. Not only that, history lessons should also cover aspects that include arts, literature, painting, music and other cultural products. In the end, a holistic approach enriches students' understanding of a historical event, foster a positive attitude and inspire them to learn about stories that have been under-heard or deliberately marginalized.

This article has analyzed the long process of Indonesian Nation State Formation, namely from the Dutch Colonial Period to New Order Era of the 1980s and 1990s. The article argues that the concept of nationhood remained very fluid for long time but gradually it started to shape after the introduction of western education to the natives in the Dutch Colonial era and it took the final shape in New Order Era. The complexity of the nation-state formation was due to the region consists of many ethnics, cultures, languages, religions, and political parties. Their national identity started from the ethnicity awareness which took shape in the Dutch Colonial Era. During the Japanese occupation era the Nation State Formation of Indonesia was put into action as Kurasawa said that they had been prepared the independence of Indonesian nation. In Sukarno era, Indonesia was still ideologically divided into some international ideologies such as Communism, Islamism, and the secular national ideology. The peak of the rivals is the breaking of Indonesian Communist Party uprising in 1965. A major change took place with the fall of Sukarno's regime which was replaced by General Suharto. Suharto called the Sukarno era as the old order regime and called his regime as New Order. The stability of Indonesian National formation was restored with ban on the International Ideology such as Communism, forcing the Moslem militancy and using National Ideology (Pancasila) as the ones of National Ideology.  Artikel ini telah menganalisis proses panjang Pembentukan Negara Bangsa Indonesia, yaitu dari Masa Kolonial Belanda ke Era Orde Baru tahun 1980-an dan 1990-an. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa konsep kebangsaan tetap sangat cair untuk waktu yang lama tetapi secara bertahap mulai terbentuk setelah pengenalan pendidikan barat untuk pribumi di era Kolonial Belanda dan mengambil bentuk akhir di Era Orde Baru. Kompleksitas pembentukan negara-bangsa adalah karena wilayah ini terdiri dari banyak suku, budaya, bahasa, agama, dan partai politik. Identitas nasional mereka dimulai dari kesadaran etnis yang terbentuk di Era Kolonial Belanda. Selama era pendudukan Jepang, formasi Negara Bangsa Indonesia dilaksanakan sebagai Kurasawa mengatakan bahwa mereka telah mempersiapkan kemerdekaan bangsa Indonesia. Di era Soekarno, Indonesia masih secara ideologis dibagi menjadi beberapa ideologi internasional seperti Komunisme, Islamisme, dan ideologi nasional sekuler. Puncak saingan adalah pecahnya pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia pada tahun 1965. Perubahan besar terjadi dengan jatuhnya rejim Sukarno yang digantikan oleh Jenderal Suharto. Suharto menyebut era Soekarno sebagai rezim orde lama dan menyebut rejimnya sebagai Orde Baru. Stabilitas formasi Nasional Indonesia dipulihkan dengan larangan Ideologi Internasional seperti Komunisme, memaksa militansi Islam dan menggunakan Ideologi Nasional (Pancasila) sebagai Ideologi Nasional.Â

The purpose of this study is to analyze 1) What is the background of the establishment of Gambus MisriBintang Sembilan, 2) How is the development of Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan music from 1963-1970. Themethod used is a historical research method consisting of heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiographystages. The heuristic stage takes primary sources in the form of oral sources, namely interviews with Mr. Saimanas the founder of Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan and various reference books that are relevant to the researchtopic, such as the book Mendendang Gambus Embracing Indonesia and so on, so that researchers placereferences as supporting sources. The critical stage analyzes the authenticity of sources, especially oral sources.The interpretation stage is the historical interpretation stage. The historiography stage is the writing of history.The results of this study conclude that Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan is an art group founded byPemuda Ansor Kendalsari Village in 1963. The purpose of establishing Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan is tomaintain Islamic values in Kendalsari Village during guided democracy and when NASAKOM's political conceptrolled. Since the NASAKOM era, the PKI's influence has grown stronger, including in the entertainment world.This prompted the Ansor Youth of Kendalsari Village to try to maintain Islamic values through various socialactivities, and especially to form Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan. The music of Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilanis actually a legacy from Gambus Misri Al-Qomar, which disbanded in 1959. The music inherited from the genreof Malay songs to Gambus Sholawat. One of the legendary songs from Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan andanother Gambus Misri is the song Selamat Datang.Keywords: Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan, musical instruments

K-Pop diawali dengan adanya soft power di Korea Selatan pada mulanya soft power hanya ditujukan untuk kepentingan politik dan juga keuangan negara Korea Selatan akan tetapi lambat laun semakin banyak masyarakat di luar Korea Selatan terutama di Asia menggemari K-pop. Pada mulanya di Indonesia K-pop ditandai dengan adanya drama-drama Korea yang mulai masuk ke stasiun TV Indonesia, musik K-Pop atau lagu-lagu yang umumnya berbahasa Korea. Di Sidoarjo komunitas K-pop pertama muncul tahun 2013 pada mulanya komunitas ini terdiri hanya dari beberapa remaja saja mereka merasa memiliki tujuan dan dan kesamaan dalam menyukai budaya Korea Selatan .Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis latar belakang munculnya K-Pop; (2) menganalisis perkembangan komunitas KPop di Sidoarjo tahun 2013-2018; (3) menganalisis identitas sosial anggota komunitas K-Pop di Sidoarjo. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap fakta serta sumber-sumber yang telah didapatkan telah diperoleh hasil bahwa. Munculnya K-Pop dilatar belakangi oleh konsep soft power dari Korea Selatan. Konsep modern soft power didasarkan pada penyebaran nilai-nilai budaya tradisional Korea dan budaya pop. Korea Selatan menempatkan penekanan yang besar pada soft power budaya, untuk membentuk citra positif dalam menciptakan merek atau ke-khasan Korea Selatan yang menarik di panggung dunia serta dunia industri entertainment internasional. Perkembangan komunitas K-Pop di Sidoarjo tahun 2013-2018 berawal dari beberapa kelompok remaja yang memiliki kegemaran sama dengan budaya pop Korea berkumpul dan membentuk Fandom dan juga dance cover, hingga pada akhir tahun 2018 mereka memutuskan untuk bergabung menjadi satu komunitas dengan nama Komunitas K-Pop Sidoarjo. Identitas sosial anggota komunitas K-Pop di Sidoarjo umumnya memiliki identitas yang sama yaitu dilihat dari gaya berpakaian yang cenderung menduplikasi artis idola mereka. Kedua dari gaya bahasa kebanyakan anggota komunitas K-Pop menyelipkan bahasa korea ketika mereka mengobrol satu sama lain dengan sesama anggota, dua hal ini yang umumnya menjadi identitas utama dari penggemar anggota K-Pop Sidoarjo pada tahun itu. Kata Kunci: K-pop, Sidoarjo.

At the beginning of the 20nd century the Dutch East Indies was hit by a disease disaster, the disaster was the plague epidemic. This plague epidemic attacked first time in the East Java Province,at the beginning of its arrival caused many victims. In East Java, which was the first area to be infected with the palgue epidemic , the total number of victims was nearly 36.000 people. From the large number of the victims, it can be seen that this disaster is a serious disease disaster, from 1910-1916 various eefforts were also made by the colonial government to overcome this plague epidemic. One of which is the realization of the separation between the Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD) with Militaire Geneeskundigen Dinest (MGD) whic is the institution that specifically handles civil society health. Research with the theme of history of health is important to do to find out the health condition of the people during the Dutch East Indies period, especially during the arrival of a major epidemic. Research on health history is also still minimal, so this research is carried out. Conducting in this reasearch, there are four stage of historical reasearch that are passed, the first is heuristic process which is the stage of collecting sources from primary sources in the form of archives belonging to the Dutch East Indies colonial government, the reports of the Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD) and Dienst der Pesbestrijding and also the newspapers reporting of the plague epidemic in East Java in 1910-1916, the Medayu Agung Library and interviews with resources persons who have conducted research on the plague epidemic in Java. The second stage is critized of the sources which is a test and verification of the sources that have been obtained, this criticism is carried out internally and externally to the archives, in addition comparisons were also made between these archives with similiar writings. The third stage is interpretation, which is in this stage is interpreting the sources after being verified with the help of social and political sciences. The fourth is historiography, in this stage is the writing of history chronologically and analitically based on the research theme that has been selected. This study will discuss (1) How the beginning of the outbreak of the plague epidemic in East Java ini 1910' (2) How the policies adopted by Burgerlijke Geneesundigen Dienst (BGD) in handling the plague epidemic in East Java in 1910-1916; (3) How the role of Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD) in carrying out handling of the plague epidemic in East Java in 1910-1916. The results of the study is revealed that the origin outbreak of the plague epidemic was from the rice import activities carried out by the colonial government, where the rice was contaminated with the plague bacteria. Due the import activities, then the plague spread which was later designated as an epidemic by the colonial government. With this determination, Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD as an intitutions that responsible for the health of civil society must take a role. This role through the polices making such as research and treatment, quarantine/isolation, vaccination and disinfection and the issuance of autonomous institutions, this was carried out as a form of the role of Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD) in dealing with the plague epidemic in East Java in 1910-1916 which was carried out directly and indirectly role. Keywords: Plague Epidemic, Burgerlijke Geneeskundigen Dienst (BGD), East Java

The development of sugarcane plantations in Indonesia cannot be separated from the historical background ofimperialism, colonialism and western innovation. In essence, sugar cane plantations and sugar industrialization became acontinuation of western capitalism through the colonial economic system. The establishment of this sugar industry cannotbe separated from the full support of the government, thus giving birth to new sugarcane plantations and sugar factorieswhich are managed by foreign investors with large capital. The case study in this research is the Ketanen Sugar Factory.The Ketanen Sugar Factory is located in Kutorejo District, Mojokerto Regency. The dynamics that developed in the sugarindustry of the Ketanen Factory have had a long journey starting from the culturstelsel period to the dark ages of the sugarindustry during the 1930s economic depression. This study examines how the development of the Ketanen Sugar Factoryfrom 1840-1930. Therefore, this research has the following problem formulations: (1) What is the background of theestablishment of the Ketanen Sugar Factory in 1840-1930?; (2) How was the development of the Ketanen Sugar Factory in1840-1930? This study uses historical research methods which consist of four stages, namely heuristics, criticism,interpretation, and historiography. The sources used in this study are primary sources and secondary sources. The sourcesare obtained from archives, books, journals, online media, newspapers and magazines. The results of the study stated thatthe development of the Ketanen Sugar Factory provided new insights for sugar in Mojokerto Regency, SF. Ketanen madevarious efforts to achieve the production targets set by the government, including the production process using the bestsugarcane seeds, the use of production machines, the application of modern plantation technology. Until finally the changeof leadership and external factors caused the Ketanen Sugar Factory to go bankrupt.Keywords: Imperialism, Colonial System, Sugar factory, Sugarcane

The existence of the sugar industry developed during the Dutch Colonial Government and was able to makesugar one of the most important export commodities. The sugar industry is an industry that is also the target ofnationalization by the government. Nationalization itself aims to build an independent and independent Indonesianeconomy, so that there is no more interference from foreign parties. This study aims to analyze the background of thenationalization of the Redjo Agung Baru Madiun Sugar Factory in 1950-1966 and also to analyze the development ofthe Redjo Agung Baru Madiun Sugar Factory after the nationalization in 1950-1966.This study uses a historical research method which consists of four stages, the first is heuristics or sourcecollection from previous scientific works and the work of several researchers who examine relevant issues, for theprimary source in the form of the ANRI archive, from the archive I can answer the problem regarding the takeover ofthe Redjo Agung Baru sugar factory became the property of the government. The second stage is criticism, namelytesting by processing sources that have been obtained, one of which is a source from ANRI regarding the handoverof the Redjo Agung Baru sugar factory to the government. The third stage is interpretation, which is interpreting thedata by analyzing verified sources. And the fourth stage is historiography, namely writing research resultschronologically and analytically by explaining historical facts that have been obtained according to the researchtheme.The results of this study explain how the development of the Redjo Agung Baru Madiun Sugar Factory beforenationalization and after nationalization in 1950-1966. After the nationalization of the sugar factory, Redjo AgungBaru was under the supervision of the Minister of Finance. This nationalization policy had an impact on sugarfactories, the impact of which was in the form of changes in the factory management system and the ability of workersto carry out the production process.Keywords: ...

The purpose of this research is to analyze the background of the emergence of metal processing industrial centers in Waru District, to analyze developments in the metal processing industry centers from 1978 to 2017, to analyze the influence of metal processing industrial centers on the socio-economic life of the people in Waru District 1978-2017. The sources used are primary and secondary sources. Sources such as archives and document data were obtained from the metal cooperative office of Waru Buana Putra. The author also conducted an interview with Ibnu Husein Marsuki as the manager of the Waru Buana Putra cooperative. Sources of books and journals to support writing related to research. The use of contemporary sources of newspapers and magazines related to the research is obtained in the Sidoarjo regional library and via online. The results showed that the background for the emergence of metal processing industrial centers originated from the activities of the iron house industry in Dusun Pandean, Ngingas Village. In the 1930's, this blacksmith centers produced agricultural tools and supplied the needs for sugarcane plantation equipment. Until the New Order era, this industry still existed, in the 1960s, it shifted from being a blacksmith to become a metal processing center. These blacksmiths then formed a metal cooperative called Waru Buana Putra in 1978. Developments that occurred in the metal processing industry center began to establish partnership with the government and the private sector. The entry of electricity in the 1980s, influenced the use of modern production machines, impacting on the diversification of the types of production goods. Like the production of motorized vehicle spare parts started in the 1990s, until it was able to become the supply chain for PT Astra Honda Motor in 2017. The influence of metal processing industry centers on socio-economic life can be seen from the amount of money circulating in industrial centers as a source of income and funding for business actors. As well as social organizations as a forum for metal business groups to act together in empowering metal processing industrial centers. Keywords: Industrial Centers, Metal, Waru District

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the situation in Surabaya after the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party in 1966. The problems discussed in this study are 1) How was the condition of Surabaya after the PKI was disbanded, 2) how was the life of ex-tapol/Napol PKI Surabaya on Buru Island from the beginning of their arrest to the end of their tenure. The new order. The research method used is the historical method, namely the heuristic stage taking the main source from oral sources, namely interviews with ex-PKI Surabaya political prisoners who are still alive such as Mr. Oei Hiem Hwie, Mr. Handoko, and Mr. Soeharsojo Goenito. Archive sources such as the Surabaya City Archives, the Association of Regional Regulations of the Surabaya Municipality in 1955-1969, and contemporary newspapers such as the Community Trumpet, the Jawa Pos General Daily, as well as relevant reference books. The critical stage is carried out by analyzing the authenticity of the sources and the writings in them by comparing them with other contemporary writings.Keywords: Life, Ex-Tapol/Napol, PKI, Buru Island

Education and politics are two aspects that are closely related and intersect each other, so that both education and politics are indispensable in determining the characteristics of a country's education. Starting from the lack of appreciation of the future generations of the nation in the modern era for important figures who have contributed greatly to the development of education and politics, especially in Sampang Regency, it is a very important and unique issue to review. Therefore, this study aims to determine how the background, role and influence carried out by KH. A. Mu'afi A. Zaini in the world of education and politics in Sampang District in 1947 - 2006, there was also no complete biographical writing on this figure. The historical research method used in this research is divided into four parts, namely Heuristics (searching and finding data), criticism (source criticism), interpretation (interpretation), and historiography (writing history). The results showed that KH. A. Muafi A. Zaini is a scholar or community leader who was born on August 10, 1947 and died on January 27, 2006, he became a role model for the community because of his role and contribution in advancing education at the Nahzatut Thulab Islamic Boarding School in Sampang Regency. Among them were the driving force for the establishment of formal schools such as: MTs Nazhatut Thullab, SMP Nazhatut Thullab, MA Nazhatut Thullab, Nazhatut Thullab High School, Nazhatut Thullab Vocational School, STAI Nazhatut Thullab, and AKPER Nazhatut Thullab so that the level of welfare in Sampang Regency has increased because it is based Comprehensive (PBB) and Cultural (PBKu). In addition, he was a cleric figure who was able to change the stigmatization of the Sampang people and the bad image of the Pilitik Party at that time. Keywords: KH. A Mu'afi A. Zaini, Biography, Role, Education and Politics.

This study aims to: first, analyze the background of the emergence of gajah-gajahan art in Bancar Ponorogo; and second, analyze the changes in the meaning and performance of gajah-gajahan art in Bancar Ponorogo. Research method, using a historical method consisting of heuristics, namely by conducting source searches using interviews, observations and documentation. The next stage is source criticism, interpretation, and the last is historiography. Based on the results of the research can be known gajah-gajahan art is an original art of Ponorogo that appeared around 1965. This art has an existence that almost resembles the art of reyog. The gajah-gajahan art were created because of the political power struggle in ponorogo won by the communist party so as to make reyog synonymous with communists, therefore the students in Ponorogo tried to create a new art that is more islamic. One of the conservationists of this art is located in Nglodo, Bancar village, Bungkal, Ponorogo regency. The gajah-gajahan art appeared in bancar village in 1986, which was originally created for religious purposes, and now transformed into a cultural element created purely for the entertainment needs of the community. The shift in meaning occurred because the surrounding community wanted to create art that has a more modern character but still on its identity. A change that is seen one of them is the presence of singers and female dancers accompanied by a new phenomenon that is "saweran" given by the audience to female singers and dancers. Keywords: Shift of meaning, Gajah-Gajahan Art, Religion, Culture.

Mangkunegaran is a formerly special autonomous region belonging to the Sunanate of Surakarta, which is now included into the administrative region of the city of Surakarta, Central Java. Mangkunegaran has some unique military unit called Legion of Mangkunegaran. This military unit has its own uniqueness compared to other Javanese military unit at that time. The uniqueness lies in the legionary soldiers who look like European army but still wear some elements from Javanese traditional clothes.This research uses the historical method consisting of heuristics, internal critic, interpretation, dan historiograph. The sources we use are in the form of literature such as books and scientific article. Source from the literature are then compared with the original archives in the Library of Reksapustaka before being written into this scientific article. In this research, it can be stated that Javanese-European acculturation in Legion of Mangkunegaran during 1900-1942 emerged as a result of ongoing modernization process that was intensively carried out in Mangkunegaran at that time. Keyword : Javanese-European Acculturation, Legion of Mangkunegara

This Research has purposes to: 1) To analyze how the background of the establishment of tea plantations Jamus .2) To analyze how the development of tea plantations Jamus 1984-2001 . 3) To analyze how to impact tea plantation estates Jamus on surrounding communities. The method used in this study is a historical method. The initial phase of this research is heuristic phase, realized by interviews with relevant sources, including archival collection of the Central Bureau Statstik Archive, Archive of PT. Candi Loka. And literature. The data were then criticized by descriptive analysis, the analysis illustrates a pristiwa based on causal relations from a historical phenomenon in certain situations. Analysis of this data was obtained from documents, library research, and interviews, and then arranged in a historiography. The purpose of this activity is to combine the facts obtained in the research into the story of the history of resources is not a historical narrative. The results showed that the company of plantations in an area has an impact on the socioeconomic life of the people around the plantation. The development of the plantation resulted in a shift in the livelihood of the population from farmers to plantation workers. So it has a positive and negative impact on society. The Company has a responsibility to all stakeholders, including the communities around the plantation, the environment and the government in which the company is located. Keywords: Jamus plantations, Tea industry , Influence

The trade union is a forum to voice and drive the workers' struggle to claim their rights, both economic and political rights. The dynamics of trade unions move in line with the struggle of the Indonesian nation to fight for and defend independence. So that in the pre-independence era, labor unions were socially oriented and expanded to political orientation in the Old Order era. This situation is inversely proportional to the era of President Soeharto. The New Order government through the All Indonesia Workers Federation (FBSI) as the sole forum for trade unions tried to intervene in the labor movement. Keywords: intervention, labor union.