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International crime and justice is an emerging field that covers crime and justice from a global perspective. This book introduces the nature of international and transnational crimes, theoretical foundations to understanding the relationship between social change and the waxing and waning of the crime opportunity structure, globalization, migration, culture conflicts, and the emerging legal frameworks for their prevention and control. It presents the challenges involved in delivering justice and international cooperative efforts to deter, detect, and respond to international and transnational crimes; and the need for international research and data resources to go beyond anecdote and impressionistic accounts to testing and developing theories to build the discipline that bring tangible improvements to the peace, security and well-being of the globalizing world. A timely analysis of a complex subject of international crime and justice for students, scholars, policymakers and advocates who strive for the pursuit of justice for millions of victims.

part PART I THEORIZING SITUATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF CRIME -- chapter 1R.V.G. Clarke (1985), Jack Tizard Memorial Lecture 'Delinquency, Environment and Intervention', Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, pp. 505–23. -- chapter 2 Christopher Birkbeck and Gary LaFree (1993), 'The Situational Analysis of Crime and Deviance', Annual Review of Sociology, 19, pp. 113–37. -- chapter 3 Wayne D. Osgood, Janet. K. Wilson, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G. Bachman and Lloyd D. Johnston (1996), 'Routine Activities and Individual Deviant Behavior', American Sociological Review, 4, pp. 635–55. -- part PART II THE PRODUCTION OF CRIMINAL OPPORTUNITIES: ROUTINE ACTIVITY THEORY -- chapter 4 Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen (1980), 'Human Ecology and Crime: A Routine Activity Approach', Human Ecology, 8, pp. 389–406. -- chapter 5 Marcus Felson (1987), 'Routine Activities and Crime Prevention in the Developing Metropolis', Criminology, 25, pp. 911–31. -- chapter 6 Richard B. Felson (1997), 'Routine Activities and Involvement in Violence as Actor, Witness, or Target', Violence and Victims, 12, pp. 209–21. -- chapter 7 Philip J. Cook (1986), 'The Demand and Supply of Criminal Opportunities', in M. Tonry and N. Morris (eds). Crime and Justice, 7, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 1–27. -- part PART III DECIDING TO COMMIT CRIME: THE RATIONAL CHOICE PERSPECTIVE -- chapter 8 Ronald V. Clarke and Derek B. Cornish (1985), 'Modeling Offenders' Decisions: A Framework for Research and Policy', in M. Tonry and N. Morris (eds), Crime and Justice, 6, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 147–85. -- chapter 9 Derek B. Cornish and Ronald V. Clarke (1987), 'Understanding Crime Displacement: An Application of Rational Choice Theory'. Criminology, 25, pp. 933–47. -- chapter 10 Eric Beauregard, D. Kim Rossmo and Jean Proulx (2007), 'A Descriptive Model of the Hunting Process of Serial Sex Offenders: A Rational Choice Perspective', Journal of Family Violence, 22, pp. 449–63. -- chapter 11 Bruce A. Jacobs (2010), 'Serendipity in Robbery Target Selection', The British Journal of Criminology, 50, pp. 514–29. -- chapter 12 Michael Levi (2008), 'Organized Fraud and Organizing Frauds: Unpacking Research on Networks and Organization', Criminology and Criminal Justice, 8, pp. 389–419. -- chapter 13 Clyde W. Holsapple, Deepak Iyengar, Haihao Jin and Shashank Rao (2008), 'Parameters for Software Piracy Research', The Information Society, 24, pp. 199–218. -- part PART IV 'BOUNDED' RATIONAL CHOICE: GOOD ENOUGH OR NOT ENOUGH -- chapter 14 Ronald L. Akers (1990), 'Rational Choice, Deterrence, and Social Learning Theory in Criminology: The Path Not Taken', Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 81, pp. 653–76. -- chapter 15 Keith Hayward (2007), 'Situational Crime Prevention and Its Discontents: Rational Choice Theory versus the -- chapter 16 Graham Farrell (2010), 'Situational Crime Prevention and Its Discontents: Rational Choice and Harm Reduction versus -- chapter 17 Nick Tilley (2004), 'Karl Popper: A Philosopher for Ronald Clarke's Situational Crime Prevention?', Israeli Studies in Criminology, 8, pp. 39–56. -- part PART V VARIANTS BEYOND RATIONAL CHOICE AND ROUTINE ACTIVITY -- chapter 18 Per-Olof H. Wikstrom, Vania Ceccato, Beth Hardie and Kyle Treiber (2010), 'Activity Fields and the Dynamics of Crime: Advancing Knowledge about the Role of the Environment in Crime Causation', Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 25, pp. 55–87. -- chapter 19 Richard Wortley (2001), 'A Classification of Techniques for Controlling Situational Precipitators of Crime', Security Journal, 14, pp. 63–82. -- chapter 20 Paul Ekblom and Nick Tilley (2000), 'Going Equipped: Criminology, Situational Crime Prevention and the Resourceful Offender', British Journal of Criminology, 40, pp. 376–98. -- part PART VI IMPLICATIONS FOR CRIME PREVENTION -- chapter 21 R.V.G. Clarke (1980), ' -- chapter 22 Marcus Felson (1992), 'Routine Activities and Crime Prevention: Armchair Concepts and Practical Action', Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 1, pp. 30–34. -- chapter 23 Angela Gorta (1998), 'Minimising Corruption: Applying Lessons from the Crime Prevention Literature', Crime, Law and Social Change, 30, pp. 67–87. -- chapter 24 Ronald V. Clarke, Ronald P. Cody and Mangai Natarajan (1994), 'Subway Slugs: Tracking Displacement on the London Underground', British Journal of Criminology, 34, pp. 122–38. -- chapter 25 Rob T. Guerette amd Kate J. Bowers (2009), 'Assessing the Extent of Crime Displacement and Diffusion of Benefits: A Review of Situational Crime Prevention Evaluations', Criminology, 47, pp. 1331–68.

pt. I. Has DV increased or is it increasingly being reported? -- pt. II. Have the major factors been identified that determine/precipitate DV? -- pt. III. How well are the main theories of DV supported by empirical evidence? -- pt. IV. What measures have been taken to control DV and what works? -- pt. V. Is DV better dealt with as a public health or criminal justice problem?

"International crime and justice is an emerging field that covers international and transnational crimes that have not been the focus of mainstream criminology or criminal justice. This book examines the field from a global perspective. It provides an introduction to the nature of international and transnational crimes and the theoretical perspectives that assist in understanding the relationship between social change and the waxing and waning of the crime opportunities resulting from globalization, migration, and culture conflicts. Written by a team of world experts, it examines the central role of victim rights in the development of legal frameworks for the prevention and control of transnational and international crimes. It also discusses the challenges to delivering justice and obtaining international cooperation in efforts to deter, detect, and respond to these crimes. This book is arranged in nine parts covering the subject matter of international criminal justice. Each of the short chapters provides readers with an understanding of the main concepts relevant to the topic and sensitizes them to the complex nature of the problems"--Provided by publisher

This paper examines a sample of 39 drug trafficking organizations prosecuted in New York City federal courts. Using a new two-dimensional typology based on organizational structure and tasks/roles, a considerable variety of organizational types was found. This result has important implications for future research. In particular it suggests the need for caution in generalizing from the findings of single case studies. These studies need to be located in the broader framework provided by the typology. The typology also permits the systematic sampling of trafficking organizations for detailed study. This is particularly important for policy since interventions must be closely tailored to the nature of criminal enterprises.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- PART I REDUCING SUPPLY -- 1 'Evaluating Explanations of the Australian "Heroin Shortage'" , Addiction, 100, pp. 459-69 -- 2 'Changes in Canadian Heroin Supply Coinciding with the Australian Heroin Shortage', Addiction, 101, pp. 689-95 -- 3 'Strategies to Avoid Arrest: Crack Sellers' Response to Intensified Policing', American Journal of Police, 14, pp. 49-69 -- 4 'A Spatial Analysis of Green Teams: A Tactical Response to Marijuana Production in British Columbia', Policy Sciences, 39, pp. 361-77 -- 5 'Police Officers on Drug Comers in Philadelphia, Drug Crime, and Violent Crime: Intended, Diffusion, and Displacement Impacts', Justice Quarterly, 22, pp. 427-51 -- 6 'The Multilateralization of Policing: The Case of Illicit Synthetic Drug Control', Police Practice and Research: An International Journal, 7, pp. 177-94 -- PART II REDUCING DEMAND -- 7 'Reports of Substance Abuse Prevention Programming Available in Schools', Prevention Science, 9, pp. 276-87 -- 8 'Promoting Science-Based Prevention in Communities', Addictive Behaviors, 27, pp. 951-76 -- 9 'Faith-Based Prevention Model: A Rural African-American Case Study', American Journal of Health Studies, 21, pp. 148-57 -- 10 'Assessing the Effects of School-Based Drug Education: A Six-Year Multilevel Analysis of Project D.A.R.E', Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35, pp. 381-412 -- 11 'Effectiveness of Community-Based Outreach in Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Injecting Drug Users', International Journal of Drug Policy, 16S, pp. S45-S57 -- 12 'Evaluation of a Media Campaign Aimed at Preventing Initiation into Drug Injection Among Street Youth', Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 14, pp. 401-14 -- PART III REDUCING THE HARMS OR RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG ABUSE

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- PART I DRUG ABUSE IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD -- 1 Clyde B. McCoy, H. Virginia McCoy, Shenghan Lai, Zhinuan Yu, Xue-ren Wang and Jie Meng (2001), 'Reawakening the Dragon: Changing Patterns of Opiate Use in Asia, with Particular Emphasis on China's Yunnan Province', Substance Use and Abuse, 36, pp. 49-69. -- 2 Irene Kuo, Salman Ul-Hasan, Tariq Zafar, Noya Galai, Susan G. Sherman and Steffanie A. Strathdee (2007), 'Factors Associated with Recent-Onset Injection Drug Use Among Drug Users in Pakistan', Substance Use and Misuse, 42, pp. 853-70. -- 3 Sarah Dewing, Andreas Plüddemann, Bronwyn J. Myers and Charles D.H. Parry (2006), 'Review of Injection Drug Use in Six African Countries: Egypt, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania', Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 13, pp. 121-37. -- 4 Ladislav Csemy, Pavia Lejčková and Petr Sadilek (2007), 'Substance Use among Czech Adolescents: An Overview of Trends in the International Context', Journal of Drug Issues, 37, pp. 119-32. -- 5 Kimberley C. Brouwer, Patricia Case, Rebeca Ramos, Carlos Magis-Rodriguez, Jesus Bucardo, Thomas L. Patterson and Steffanie A. Strathdee (2006), 'Trends in Production, Trafficking, and Consumption of Methamphetamine and Cocaine in Mexico', Substance Use and Misuse, 41, pp. 707-27. -- 6 Andreas Plüddemann, Charles D.H. Parry, Bronwyn Myers and Arvin Bhana (2004) , 'Ecstasy Use in South Africa: Findings from the South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use (SACENDU) Project (January 1997-December 2001)', Substance Use and Misuse, 39, pp. 87-105