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The publication of a new edition of Inazō Nitobe's work deserves a recapitulation of the significance of this text both in Europe and Japan, as well as its spread among Western and especially Spanish readers. The book was first published in 1900 and was pioneering in the spread of Japanese thought in the West. The new translation by Sigrid Guitart, annotated by Alexander Bennet, together with the paratextual components of the book, deserve close attention. ; La publicación de una nueva edición de la obra de Inazō Nitobe merece una recapitulación sobre el significado de dicho texto tanto en Europa como Japón, así como su alcance entre los lectores occidentales y especialmente españoles. Se trató de un libro publicado por primera vez en 1900 y que fue pionero en la divulgación del pensamiento japonés en Occidente. La nueva traducción de Sigrid Guitart anotada por Alexander Bennet, así como los componentes paratextuales del libro merecen una atención pormenorizada

10 pages, 9 figures, 1 table.-- PACS: 47.20.Bp; 47.20.Ky; 47.10.-g; 47.35.-i ; We study, from the numerical point of view, instabilities developed in a fluid layer with a free surface in a cylindrical container which is nonhomogeneously heated from below. In particular, we consider the case in which the applied heat is localized around the origin. An axisymmetric basic state appears as soon as a nonzero horizontal temperature gradient is imposed. The basic state may bifurcate to different solutions depending on vertical and lateral temperature gradients and on the shape of the heating function. We find different kinds of instabilities: extended patterns growing on the whole domain, which include those known as targets, and spiral waves. Spirals are present even for infinite Prandtl number. Localized structures both at the origin and at the outer part of the cylinder may appear either as Hopf or stationary bifurcations. An overview of the developed instabilities as functions of the dimensionless parameters is presented in this article. ; This work was partially supported by the Research Grant MCYT (Spanish Government) Nos. BFM2003-02832, MTM2004-00797, MTM2006-14843-C02-01, CCYT (JC de Castilla-La Mancha) Nos. PAC-05-005-01/02, SIMUMAT S-0505-ESP-0158 (Comunidad de Madrid), University of Castilla-La Mancha, and CSIC (Nos. PI-200650I224 and PIF06-059 . A.M.M. acknowledges MCYT (Spanish Government) for a Ramón y Cajal Research Fellowship and CESGA for computing support. ; Peer reviewed

Different cell configurations of anode-supported microtubular solid oxide fuel cells (mT-SOFCs) using samaria-doped ceria (SDC) as the electrolyte were fabricated. Several cells were processed varying the porosity and wall thickness (outer diameter) of NiO–SDC tubular supports. Suitable aqueous slurry formulations of NiO–SDC for gel-casting were prepared using agarose, as a gelling agent, and sucrose, as a pore former. The subsequent NiO–SDC anode functional layer (AFL), the SDC electrolyte and the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ–SDC cathode were deposited by spray-coating. Pre-sintering temperatures of the supports were optimized from linear shrinkage curves, thus obtaining after co-sintering, a dense electrolyte without anode-electrolyte delamination. Electrochemical characterization of mT-SOFC cells fabricated by agarose gel-casting is reported by the first time. The cell with a support of 2.6 mm diameter, 380 μm wall thickness, an active area of 1 cm2 and added porosity, using 10 wt% sucrose, achieved a maximum power density of about 400 mW cm−2 at 650 °C. ; This work was financed by the Spanish Government with the projects MAT2011-23623 and MAT2012-30763, and the Xarxa de Referència en Materials Avançats per l'Energia (XaRMAE, Generalitat de Catalunya). M. Morales would like to thank the fellowship award Torres Quevedo Programme (grant number: PTQ-11-04648) for its financial support. ; Peer reviewed

A systematic method has been established to perform and analyse in detail the Energy Performance Certification of 21 Faculty Buildings located at the University of Zaragoza (Spain), according to the transposition of Directive 2010/31/EU. First of all, the problem background and a review of the state-of-the-art of the energy certification in buildings is outlined, regarding both the actual state of the Government regulations and the studies undertaken in several countries to assess the energy performance of different types of buildings, residential and non-residential. A summary of the causes found in other studies for the discrepancies between the estimated (by simulation) and actual energy consumption is shown which is afterwards tested and compared with the results found in the present study. Thereafter, the method followed to undertake the buildings' Energy Performance Certification is explained, and the main results found together with the discussion are detailed, comparing actual vs. estimated energy consumption in the different case studies and proposing reasons for these deviations. The energy consumption breakdown by uses for several buildings is also analysed, and potential improvements for the simulation software are assessed.

Xylella fastidiosa, a quarantine organism in the European Union (EU), causes diseases in a wide variety of plants such as almond, cherry, grape, citrus, elm, olive, and coffee trees and many ornamental plants. Since the detection of the bacterium in Italy (2013), where it is associated to a severe epidemic on olive trees, the pathogen has also been detected in France (2015) and Germany (2016) (EPPO 2016). Due to the recent outbreaks and to different interceptions, the EU has implemented annual surveys in its member states to prevent new introductions or the spread of this harmful organism. During official surveys in late autumn 2016 in Mallorca Island, Spain, some cherry and Polygala myrtifolia plants located in a garden center near the locality of Manacor showed symptoms of marginal leaf scorch, leaf chlorosis, defoliation, and general decay. DNA was extracted from leaf veins and petioles of symptomatic leaves using the CTAB extraction method (EPPO 2016). DNA extracts were tested for the presence of X. fastidiosa by real-time PCR using two species-specific protocols (EPPO 2016): primers XF-F/XF-R and a dual-labeled probe XF-P (Harper et al. 2010, erratum 2013) and primers HL5/HL6 and Taqman probe (Francis et al. 2008). DNA from X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca strain CoDiRo or subsp. fastidiosa strain Temecula were used as positive controls. Three out of four cherry trees and four out of seven P. myrtifolia plants showing symptoms gave positive real-time amplification. These preliminary results were further confirmed by conventional PCR assays, using species specific primers RST31/RST33 (Minsavage et al. 1994), which yielded the expected amplicon of ∼700 bp of the RNA polymerase sigma 70 factor. Attempts to culture isolates from petioles tissues on PD2 and BCYE media failed for the P. myrtifolia plants. On the contrary, bacterial colonies typical of X. fastidiosa were recovered from one cherry plant after plate incubation for 14 days at 28°C. Colonies were suspended in water and boiled 10 min to obtain DNA before PCR ...

Following the identification in 2013 of Xylella fastidiosa in the southern of Italy, rapid emergency measures have been implemented in the EU for its prevention, detection and surveillance. In the framework of routine inspections performed in Mallorca, Spain, in October 2016, samples were taken from an open air nursery, and some sweet cherry plants were analyzed according to the protocol of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO, 2016) and found positives for X. fastidiosa by two real time PCR tests. Besides, the bacteria was isolated in two media after 11 days of incubation. The MLST analysis of genes leuA, petC, malF, cysG, holC, nuoL and glT identified the isolate as X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa. ST-1 . Subsequent sampling in the same nursery allowed the identification of two other cherry plants infected by the same bacterium. The cherry plants were grown in the nursery of Mallorca for the last four years and did not show typical leaf scorch symptoms. They were previously cultivated in another nursery in Tarragona (Spain) that imported them from The Netherlands. After confirmation of the analysis, the plants were destroyed right away as required by the EU legislation. The contingency plan of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture (MAPAMA) was implemented and survey on potential host plants as well as sampling and testing within a radius of 100 m were performed around the infected plants and a buffer zone of 10 km, was designed. This is the second report of X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa in an EU country after the detection of this subspecies in an oleander plant in Germany.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progresses from a chronic to a blastic phase, where the leukemic cells are proliferative and undifferentiated. The CML is nowadays successfully treated with BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors as imatinib and its derivatives. NUMB is an evolutionary well-conserved protein initially described as a functional antagonist of NOTCH function. NUMB is an endocytic protein associated with receptor internalization, involved in multiple cellular functions. It has been reported that MSI2 protein, a NUMB inhibitor, is upregulated in CML blast crisis, whereas NUMB itself is downregulated. This suggest that NUMB plays a role in the malignant progression of CML. Here we have generated K562 cells (derived from CML in blast crisis) constitutively expressing a dominant negative form of NUMB (dnNUMB). We show that dnNUMB expression confers a high proliferative phenotype to the cells. Importantly, dnNUMB triggers a partial resistance to imatinib in these cells, antagonizing the apoptosis mediated by the drug. Interestingly, imatinib resistance is not linked to p53 status or NOTCH signaling, as K562 lack p53 and imatinib resistance is reproduced in the presence of NOTCH inhibitors. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis that NUMB activation could be a new therapeutic target in CML. ; The work was supported by grants SAF2014-53526 (to JL), BFU2007-67476 and BFU2010-21634 (to MC) from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), and RD12/0036/ 0033 (to JL), RD12/0036/0054 (to AB) and RD12/0019/0006 and PI12/01097 (to FM) from Instituto Carlos III, and grant PI-57069 from CICE, FEDER/Fondo de Cohesion Europeo (FSE) de Andalucía 2007–2013 (to FM). The funding from MINECO and Instituto Carlos III was co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER program. EGA was supported with a JAE-doc contract form CSIC, MCL-N was supported by the FPU program from MINECO and LG-G