Resumo o presente artigo discute as principais narrativas intelectuais e acadêmicas que analisaram "o rural brasileiro" pelos ângulos disciplinares das Ciências Sociais, nos últimos 50 anos. O artigo identifica a existência de temas originais, alguns duradouros, em função da história social do País, reconhecendo a partir da década de 1970 um período aproximado de 20-25 anos que representa a fase mais profícua de tais estudos. Conclui que no presente século tem ocorrido um arrefecimento de interesse nos estudos rurais, especialmente na Sociologia e na Antropologia, e uma crescente hegemonia de enfoques da Economia Rural de tradição neoclássica.
This article discusses the idea that the transformation of rights as forms of discourse into social practices is a political process more complex than empirical evidence suggests. Based on the case of the Landless Movement in Brazil, the article explores the idea that some apparent forms of rights embedded in conventional demands must be seen under the light of historical contexts and social characteristics of those social actors demanding them. In addition, the very idea of rights is sometimes only the superficial part of a deeper array of tensions and contradictions. (IDS Bull/DÜI)
The four member countries of Mercosur - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay - constitute the world's fourth largest trading bloc. Together, they comprise 60 percent of the land surface of Latin America and are home to 203 million people. But there is a small side to this business too: family-based farmers. And while the size of their individual plots may be negligible, their numbers are not. Family farmers account for 60 percent of all agricultural producers in Argentina, 72 percent in Brazil, 81 percent in Paraguay, and 51 percent in Uruguay. Small scale family farms represent roughly 60 percent of food and grain production in the four countries and employ nearly three-quarters of the rural work force. (Grassroots Dev/DÜI)
Introduction / by Antônio Márcio Buainain, Miguel Rocha de Sousa, Zander Navarro -- Globalization and agriculture : some observations and some questions / by Henry Bernstein -- The global driving of brazilian agrarian development in the new century / Zander Navarro and Antônio Márcio Buainain -- From food insecurity to a global food power : will Brazil meet its potential and world expectations? / by Antônio Márcio Buainain, Alexandre Gori Maia, Junior Ruiz Garcia, and Pedro Abel Vieira -- Globalization, family farming and foreign trade in Peru : a preliminary exploration / by Hector Maletta -- The Mexican agricultural sector two decades after NAFTA : expectations, facts, and policy challenges / by Antonio Yunez-Naude and Alan Hernandez-Solano -- The history and development of the modernization of Chilean agriculture since the 1960s : from insulation to globalization / by Alberto Valdes -- Changing relations of production of agriculture in China under globalization / by Cheng Li -- China's food security challenges and its foreign trade and investment landscape in agriculture / by Guo Jie -- Modernization of chinese agriculture : economic, social and environmental / by Peifen Zhuang, Weiwei Fu, Junlin He, and Rana Muhammad Sohail Jafar -- Impacts parched souls and desiccated lives : what is pushing Indian farmers to suicide? / by Roopinder Oberoi -- Mozambique's embattled savannah : Brazilian cooperation and global agrarian disputes / by Lídia Cabral -- Globalization, agribusiness, and the liberalization of agricultural services in Ghana / by Kojo Amanor -- South Africa's apartheid, globalization, and agriculture / by Luís Brites Pereira, Ana Portugal Melo, Vanessa Duarte, and Miguel Rocha de Sousa -- About the contributors
