Suchergebnisse

Socialinė politika vaidina svarbų vaidmenį formuojant žmonių gyvenimus. Siekiame išsiaiškinti, kaip posovietinė pertvarka socialinės politikos srityje keičia šiuolaikinėje Lietuvoje gyvenančių žmonių gyvenimo eigą. Siekiant šio tikslo, straipsnyje naudojama L. Leiseringo ir R. Walkerio (1998) pasiūlyta "gyvenimo eigos politikos" analizės schema. Analizė rodo, kad Lietuva iš savo autoritarinės praeities paveldėjo stiprius gyvenimo eigos struktūravimo, integracijos ir normų formavimo mechanizmus. Vis dėlto šie mechanizmai silpsta arba yra adaptuojami prie šiuolaikinio socialinio, ekonominio ir politinio konteksto. Dėl to šiuolaikinę Lietuvą galima priskirti pofordistiniam gyvenimo eigos režimui, kuris pasižymi gyvenimo eigos destandartizacija, depolitizacija ir didesniu socialinės politikos institucijų lankstumu. Perėjimas prie šio gyvenimo eigos režimo mūsų šalyje įvyko vėliau, palyginti su kitomis Vakarų Europos šalimis. Dabartinį gyvenimo eigos politikos režimą Lietuvoje taip pat galima apibūdinti kaip silpnai integruotą "segmentuoto saugumo" modelį, kuriam būdingas atotrūkis tarp tų, kurie dalyvauja socialinio draudimo sistemoje, ir tų, kurie yra už jos ribų.

This paper looks into the role the tax-benefit system plays in mitigating widespread socio-economic risks and individual vulnerability to poverty. The drivers behind the changing role of the risk-mitigating social policies are analysed looking through the theoretical lenses of the risk society. The performance of the tax-benefit system in providing a safety net against income loss in cases of unemployment and childbirth is evaluated using the stress-testing approach proposed by Atkinson (2009). The method is applied on a Lithuanian case using the microsimulation model EUROMOD for a period of 2007-2012. The analysis suggests that the role of the welfare state shifts towards promotion of individual responsibility for risk management. The welfare state policies can produce substantially different levels of vulnerability to poverty among population groups facing different risks. In the context of the recent economic crisis in Lithuania, the protection provided by the welfare state declined, while the traditional mutual support among the household members played a major role in the risk management process.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

While Lithuania is among the countries with the highest at-risk-of-poverty rates in the European Union, poverty research has so far been dominated by cross-sectional poverty analysis. This paper is aimed at contributing to better understanding of poverty as a dynamic process in Lithuania by examining poverty risk persistence, transitions and triggers. The analysis is based on the longitudinal component of the Survey on Income and Living Conditions. The longitudinal at-risk-of-poverty rate within the four-year panels is estimated to be at around a third of the Lithuanian population within a period of 2005–2012. Poverty risk in Lithuania proved to be both widely spread and persistent. The major role of income events for poverty risk entries and exits highlights the importance of activation into work, especially as concerns secondary household earners and better income protection in Lithuania. While no robust evidence of poverty penalty was found for poverty exits, the incidence of poverty re-entries within the initial three-year period after poverty exit substantially exceeds poverty entry rates in the general population.

While Lithuania is among the countries with the highest at-risk-of-poverty rates in the European Union, povertyresearch has so far been dominated by cross-sectional poverty analysis. This paper is aimed at contributing to better understandingof poverty as a dynamic process in Lithuania by examining poverty risk persistence, transitions and triggers. Theanalysis is based on the longitudinal component of the Survey on Income and Living Conditions. The longitudinal at-risk-ofpovertyrate within the four-year panels is estimated to be at around a third of the Lithuanian population within a period of2005–2012. Poverty risk in Lithuania proved to be both widely spread and persistent. The major role of income events forpoverty risk entries and exits highlights the importance of activation into work, especially as concerns secondary householdearners and better income protection in Lithuania. While no robust evidence of poverty penalty was found for poverty exits,the incidence of poverty re-entries within the initial three-year period after poverty exit substantially exceeds poverty entryrates in the general population. ; Nors Lietuva yra viena iš ES šalių, išsiskiriančių aukštu skurdo rizikos lygiu, kiekybiniai skurdo tyrimai Lietuvoje daugiausia apsiriboja statiška skurdo rizikos samprata ir skerspjūvio duomenų analize. Šiuo straipsniu yra siekiama prisidėti prieskurdo dinamikos tyrimų Lietuvoje plėtros. Empirinė analizė remiasi trimis išilginio pjūvio Pajamų ir gyvenimo sąlygų apklausos bangomis po ketverius metus, kurios apima 2005–2012 m. laikotarpį. Praplėtus analizės langą iki ketverių metų laikotarpių, skurdo rizika pasirodė esanti gerokai labiau paplitusi Lietuvos populiacijoje nei įprastai rodo statistika – apima net apie trečdalį Lietuvospopuliacijos. Kaip rodo analizė, skurdo rizika Lietuvoje yra plačiai paplitusi ir ilgalaikė patirtis. Pagrindinis vaidmuo skurdo perėjimuose atitenka su pajamų pokyčiais susijusiems įvykiams. Tai rodo darbo rinkos aktyvacijos priemonių, ypač nukreiptų į nepagrindinius pajamų gavėjus, bei pajamų apsaugos stiprinimo svarbą Lietuvoje. Nustatyta, kad pakartotinų skurdo rizikos epizodų tikimybėtrejų metų laikotarpiu po išėjimo iš skurdo rizikos smarkiai viršija patekimo į skurdą rizikos rodiklius bendroje Lietuvos populiacijoje.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

While Lithuania is among the countries with the highest at-risk-of-poverty rates in the European Union, poverty research has so far been dominated by cross-sectional poverty analysis. This paper is aimed at contributing to better understanding of poverty as a dynamic process in Lithuania by examining poverty risk persistence, transitions and triggers. The analysis is based on the longitudinal component of the Survey on Income and Living Conditions. The longitudinal at-risk-of-poverty rate within the four-year panels is estimated to be at around a third of the Lithuanian population within a period of 2005–2012. Poverty risk in Lithuania proved to be both widely spread and persistent. The major role of income events for poverty risk entries and exits highlights the importance of activation into work, especially as concerns secondary household earners and better income protection in Lithuania. While no robust evidence of poverty penalty was found for poverty exits, the incidence of poverty re-entries within the initial three-year period after poverty exit substantially exceeds poverty entry rates in the general population.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

While Lithuania is among the countries with the highest at-risk-of-poverty rates in the European Union, poverty research has so far been dominated by cross-sectional poverty analysis. This paper is aimed at contributing to better understanding of poverty as a dynamic process in Lithuania by examining poverty risk persistence, transitions and triggers. The analysis is based on the longitudinal component of the Survey on Income and Living Conditions. The longitudinal at-risk-of-poverty rate within the four-year panels is estimated to be at around a third of the Lithuanian population within a period of 2005–2012. Poverty risk in Lithuania proved to be both widely spread and persistent. The major role of income events for poverty risk entries and exits highlights the importance of activation into work, especially as concerns secondary household earners and better income protection in Lithuania. While no robust evidence of poverty penalty was found for poverty exits, the incidence of poverty re-entries within the initial three-year period after poverty exit substantially exceeds poverty entry rates in the general population.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.

The dissertation aims at analysing the role of cash social benefits in poverty reduction in Lithuania in the context of diversification of the ways the poverty problem is framed in the academic and political domains. In the first part of the dissertation, a theoretical scheme for analysis of the poverty reduction strategies is proposed. The scheme incorporates four approaches: disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and social investment. The poverty reduction strategies, their change, links and the role of cash social benefits are analysed by looking through the proposed scheme. The selected disciplinary, redistributive, social inclusion and investment elements of the Lithuanian cash social benefit system are further researched by using a quantitative analysis of the representative household level Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) for the period between 2005 and 2013. The dissertation is novel in that it suggests an original poverty reduction analysis scheme, the previously rarely used SILC panel data and microsimulation techniques for poverty research in Lithuania. The research revealed that the Lithuanian cash benefit system is inclusive in its relatively high and expanding coverage, especially in the sphere of social insurance. The role of the cash social benefit system in reducing poverty in Lithuania is jeopardized by negative effects on work incentives built into its design, low redistributive capacity and weak income protection, and insufficient levels of investment into children in income poor families.