Suchergebnisse

Urban decline -- Labor markets -- Communities and cultures -- Racial segregation and inequality -- Vocational education -- Remedial education -- Classroom dynamics -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Quantitative evidence -- Appendix B. Some historical evidence about language styles and schooling

The structure of the extended family is often described as a strategy for coping with poverty, unemployment, or migration (Agresti 1979). Whether extended kin relations are thought to be short-term and calculative (Anderson 1971) or bound by ties of reciprocity (Hareven 1982), the extended household itself is assumed to be adaptive to the material conditions under which working-class families live. This characterization is supported by studies of the present-day poor (Angel and Tienda 1982; Stack 1974; Stern 1993). Although Ruggles (1987) questions the importance of economic motives for nineteenth-century extended families, he suggests that by the early twentieth century there is evidence that extended households were increasingly strategic.