The Use of Social Service Agencies by Black Americans
In: Social service review: SSR, Band 59, Heft 2, S. 258-268
ISSN: 1537-5404
16 Ergebnisse
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In: Social service review: SSR, Band 59, Heft 2, S. 258-268
ISSN: 1537-5404
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute, Band 3, Heft 3, S. 423-430
ISSN: 2196-8837
In: Cultural diversity and ethnic minority psychology, Band 15, Heft 1, S. 86-95
ISSN: 1939-0106
In: American journal of health promotion, Band 9, Heft 4, S. 281-287
ISSN: 2168-6602
Purpose. Self-help among African-Americans is that tradition of individual and group efforts aimed toward racial progress and defending against a hostile society. The purpose of this paper is to encourage African-Americans, regardless of income, to take personal responsibility for their health. This review discusses each side of the individual versus societal responsibility issue and provides a rationale for integrating these two perspectives. It argues that the tradition of community-based self-help among African-Americans is a mechanism for personal empowerment that can lead to collective action; it therefore has important implications for the improvement of African-American health. Search Methods. The search made use of a computer-based inquiry with self-help, community health empowerment, and African-American or blacks used as descriptors. We also used a computerized search by the last names of key authors writing in the area of minority health. The review was limited to references between 1964 and 1994. The review also relied on our own professional libraries. Finally, 15 knowledgeable individuals employed at universities around the country were queried about their work, focusing on this subject. They were asked about their perceptions of the issues pertinent to the role of personal and societal responsibility in modifying health behaviors of African-Americans. Summary of Important Points. Effective health behavior change strategies with black populations will require an integration of personal responsibility and advocacy for social systems change. The formation of effective self-help community-based coalition partnerships is a viable strategy for forging systemic changes to address the health disparity problem. Major Conclusions. The discussion concludes that blacks should hold themselves more personally responsible for solving their own problems while rejecting debilitating forms of extreme self-blame. Affiliation with self-help organizations and community coalitions for health empowerment is offered as a strategy for community infrastructure development with potential for improving quality of life.
In: Journal of sociology & social welfare, Band 16, Heft 3
ISSN: 1949-7652
In: Social work: a journal of the National Association of Social Workers, Band 34, Heft 3, S. 205-211
ISSN: 1545-6846
In: The black scholar: journal of black studies and research, Band 13, Heft 1, S. 21-35
ISSN: 2162-5387
In: Prevention in human services, Band 2, Heft 3, S. 5-29
In: Prevention in human services, Band 2, Heft 3, S. 5-29
ISSN: 0270-3114
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute
ISSN: 2196-8837
In: Cultural diversity and ethnic minority psychology, Band 11, Heft 4, S. 351-364
ISSN: 1939-0106
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute, Band 4, Heft 2, S. 308-316
ISSN: 2196-8837
In: Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research: JSSWR, Band 1, Heft 3, S. 124-139
ISSN: 1948-822X
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute
ISSN: 2196-8837
Abstract
Background
John Henryism (JH) is a behavioral predisposition for high-effort coping with adversity. JH has been associated with hypertension in Black Americans with low socioeconomic status (SES) and is also found to be associated with psychological well-being. Sickle cell disease (SCD), a rare genetic disease largely affecting Black Americans in the United States, presents as a chronic condition that may benefit from a deeper understanding of the impact of JH on overall health.
Purpose
This study examined the association between high and low JH and diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hypertension prevalence, and sleep function. We relied on the biopsychosocial transaction model to adjust for relevant clinical and sociodemographic variables.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of 274 adults with SCD living in the United States and recruited between 2014 and 2020. Study visits consisted of physical examinations, medical history, demographic, and psychosocial questionnaires. Adjusted linear regressions estimated associations between high and low JH and diastolic and systolic blood pressure as well as self-reported sleep function. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with hypertension prevalence.
Results
High JH was significantly associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (β = − 2.98; 95% confidence interval = − 5.92, − 0.04) but higher sleep dysfunction (β = 2.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.45, 4.07).
Conclusions
Overall, we found positive psychological coping resources associated with high JH, with the exception of sleep.
Trial Registration.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02156102.
In: Race and society, Band 2, Heft 2, S. 117-131
ISSN: 1090-9524