Suchergebnisse

This study tests several specific predictions derived from three general core hypotheses of intercultural relations (multiculturalism, contact, and integration hypotheses). The participants were 405 migrants from Guinea-Bissau (51 percent women). Their average age was 38 years. The average length of stay in Portugal was 18 years. Data collection involved the completion of questionnaires to measure multicultural ideology, security, cultural identity, contact, perceived discrimination, acculturation strategies, mental health problems, sociocultural adaptation, and tolerance. In concert with the multiculturalism hypothesis, security and cultural identity positively predicted multicultural ideology. The contact hypothesis was partially confirmed given that intercultural contact did not predict perceived discrimination, although contact predicted national identity. Regarding the integration hypothesis, integration strategy predicted psychological and intercultural adaptations, while the predictors of sociocultural adaptation were assimilation and marginalization. Hence, the integration hypothesis obtained partial support for migrants from Guinea-Bissau residing in Portugal. Finally, some implications of the findings are discussed. This study contributes to extending the integration hypothesis to a recently suggested new form of adaptation, intercultural adaptation. Feelings of being secure in the larger society and one's identity contributes to higher acceptance of diversity.

Saudade involves psychosocial reactions to several circumstances involving deprivation from loved people and/or familiar locations. This work concerns the development and preliminary validation of an instrument to assess general disposition to saudade, the Porto Saudade Scale (PSS). Three studies were conducted which indicated that the PSS has favorable psychometric properties. Exploratory factor analysis of the PSS demonstrated a single latent saudade factor. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the single latent model of the PSS is adequate and possesses good internal consistency. As expected, the data also supported the convergent, discriminant, and external validity of the PSS. Saudade was more frequently reported among females than among males. These results suggest the validity of the PSS and emphasize that it is a brief measure with strong psychometric evidence for assessing saudade.

Sociosexuality refers to the propensity to engage in sexual relations without closeness or commitment, varying from a restricted to an unrestricted orientation. The aim of this research was to scrutinise the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI-R; Penke & Asendorpf, 2008). The study included 549 persons (50% women) aged 18–75 years (M = 38.73; SD = 17.77). The psychometric properties of the SOI-R were analysed by means of confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the expected three-factor structure of the measure. The SOI-R presented adequate internal consistency. Women were less unrestricted than men in all facets of sociosexuality. This Portuguese version of the SOI-R seems to be reliable and valid for evaluating sociosexuality in a Portuguese-speaking population, and can be utilised for experimental and applied works. The significance and limitations of the results are discussed.

This study was undertaken to examine young women's and men's styles of love in three cultures: England, India, and Portugal. 562 students completed the Love Attitudes Scale (Hendrick & Hendrick, 1986), as measures of Lee's love styles. Cultural background and gender were investigated as correlates of love styles among British, Indian, and Portuguese university students. Men viewed love as more permissive, more friendship oriented, more pragmatic, more agapic, but less manic than did women. Culture differences or Gender x Culture interactions were also found. We discuss the importance of studying love with data collected from more than one culture.$$culture, gender, love styles.

Diversity is increasing within the Europe, and in Portugal in particular, and higher education will likely play a key role in preparing people to function in this new environment. This study assessed the effectiveness of an Intercultural Relations course at changing student levels of attitudes towards diversity and feelings of self-worth. The results indicated that the course had a positive impact on the multicultural ideology and increased ethnic tolerance and self-esteem, but it had no impact on gender-role ideology and ageism.

This paper examines the social adaptation among Portuguese youth born in France. The study sample consisted of one hundred and nine Portuguese second generation migrants resident in Paris (34% male and 66% female). The following instruments were administered to all subjects:
the Social Adaptation Scale, the Acculturation Attitudes Scales, the Acculturative Experience Scale, the Cultural Maintenance Scale, the Acculturative Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, as well as a background inventory. No gender, age or religion participation
differences were found, but there were significant effects on social adaptation with ethnic identity, migratory plans and acculturation attitudes. The greatest amount of social difficulty was experienced by adolescents who endorsed a separatist position, the least by assimilated respondents
– however, there were no other significant differences among the four groups. Social adaptation showed negative correlation with French acculturation experience, French language competency, satisfaction in the host society, satisfaction with life and self-esteem and positive correlation
with Portuguese cultural maintenance and acculturative stress. Social learning variables, such as French language competency and Portuguese cultural maintenance, were stronger predictors of social adaptation than were psychological adaptation variables.