Suchergebnisse

This volume seeks to address the questions of poverty, charity, and public welfare, taking the nineteenth-century London Foundling Hospital as its focus. It delineates the social rules that constructed the gendered world of the Victorian age, and uses 'respectability' as a factor for analysis: the women who successfully petitioned the Foundling Hospital for admission of their infants were not East End prostitutes, but rather unmarried women, often domestic servants, determined to maintain social respectability. The administrators of the Foundling Hospital reviewed over two hundred petitions an

Résumé Dans la ville de Londres à l'époque victorienne, l'hospice des Enfants trouvés ("Foundling Hospital") servait de modèle de « respectabilité ». Cette riche institution privée, située à Bloomsbury, revendiquait comme mission le salut des enfants illégitimes nés de femmes des classes populaires. Elle s'efforçait en outre de préserver la réputation des femmes qui subissaient une telle infortune. Mais la démarche supposait au préalable que les dirigeants de l'établissement évaluent consciencieusement l'honorabilité de la mère par le biais d'un calcul mesurant sa « respectabilité ». Cette étude éclaire la vie quotidienne – du jour de leur réception jusqu'à la cérémonie de leur confirmation – de ces enfants dont les mères avaient franchi le seuil de la Guildford Street Gate et avaient abandonné toute responsabilité sur leur progéniture en la déposant dans les bras ouverts d'une mère nourricière. L'analyse indique que les enfants qui avaient survécu à la séparation d'avec leur mère étaient correctement éduqués et préparés à affronter l'économie florissante de Londres. Enfin, elle montre la profondeur des plaies émotionnelles laissées chez certaines mères par le traumatisme de l'abandon, éclairant par là même l'ampleur du sacrifice exigé de celles qui avaient fait ce choix difficile mais « respectable ».

"This collection of all new essays seeks to answer a series of questions surrounding the Victorian response to poverty in Britain. The project is organized against the backdrop of the 1834 New Poor Laws, recognizing that poverty garnered considerable attention in England because of its pervasive and painful presence. Each essay examines a different initiative to help the poor. Taking an historical tack, the essayists begin with the royal perspective and move into the responses of Church of England members, Evangelicals, and Roman Catholics; the social engagement of the literati is discussed as well. This collection reflects the real, monetary, spiritual and emotional investments of individuals, public institutions, private charities, and religious groups who struggled to address the needs of the poor."--

This collection of all new essays seeks to answer a series of questions surrounding the Victorian response to poverty in Britain. The project is organized against the backdrop of the 1834 New Poor Laws, recognizing that poverty garnered considerable attention in England because of its pervasive and painful presence.

In this paper, we uncover the relationships among social trust, corruption and the duration of economic crises. Our theoretical foundation is based on a collection of studies from different academic fields, especially political science, sociology and economics. We corroborate our arguments with both descriptive analysis and regression analysis of secondary data. Our dataset includes 11,364 observations distributed across 211 countries. The quantitative findings show that social trust is correlated with the duration of economic crises. Connecting our theoretical stance with the empirical evidence, we propose several possible explanations for the findings and provide both theoretical and practical implications.