Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis article reviews the history and politics of the English foreign act of State and non-justiciability doctrines in light of recent judgments in Belhaj and Rahmatullah. It argues that the doctrines have a political unconscious—a term borrowed from literary theorist Fredric Jameson—and that an appreciation of this should inform the Supreme Court's approach to the forthcoming appeals.

The aim of this article is to report the findings of a study that explored both the contributions of country race clubs to social capital within rural and regional communities as well as their utilization of social capital. The article reviews the key concepts associated with social capital and their relationships to sport, and presents evidence of how country race clubs contribute to and benefit from social capital in their respective communities based on a series of interviews with individuals associated with race clubs and their communities. The final section of the article discusses the implications of these findings in relation to what we currently know of social capital and community level sport clubs.

Although there is growing interest from governments in participation levels in sport, the extent to which governments actively promote 'sport for all' and their motives for doing so vary greatly. This is the first book to examine the sport participation policies of national governments across the world and to offer a comparative analysis of the motives for, and successes and failures of those policies

ch. 1. Introduction : sport and policy -- ch. 2. Regulating organizational practice -- ch. 3. Regulation of sport activity -- ch. 4. Regulating safe sport environments -- ch. 5. Gambling and sport -- ch. 6. Media regulation -- ch. 7. School sport and physical education -- ch. 8. Physical activity and health -- ch. 9. Urban regeneration and economic development -- ch. 10. Social inclusion -- ch. 11. Conclusion.

While much research has examined the composition of sport media and those charged with constructing it, namely sport journalists and editors, far less has explored an essential set of actors in the construction of news: sources. This study aimed to explore the construction of the sport media agenda from arguably the most important sport news sources: sport media relations managers. In particular, this paper asked: how do media staff in sports organisations influence the production of news? To answer this question, this paper is based on a qualitative, observational study of a professional Australian Rules football club in Australia, involving interviews, observations and document analysis. Research within a professional Australian Rules football club found that the club delivered high-quality information subsidies that met sports journalists' newswork requirements. However, media access was almost solely limited to these information subsidies, which are highly subjective and negotiated, which in turn allowed the professional football club to significantly control the subsequent media agenda.

This paper explores the relationship between involvement in sport and non-sport community organisations and social connectedness. Data were collected on types of community involvement, selected demographic variables and social connectedness. The findings support the contention that involvement in sport organisations is associated with increased levels of social connectedness. Sport involvement was found to be a predictor of social connectedness, while involvement in non-sport community organisations was not. The study also found that the tenure and intensity of involvement in organisations were not significantly associated with social connectedness scores.

This article reports the findings of a study that explored the nexus between sport and social capital in Vanuatu. Specifically, it explored the social networks that operate through football, and the resources that are available to members through these networks. The research involved in-depth interviews with players and administrators within one of the Vanuatu football leagues. The results show that football clubs are sites for significant social capital development, whereby players receive resources such as employment, accommodation, food and transportation, as well as financial incentives and travel opportunities outside Vanuatu. In particular, it is evident that players are able to access employment opportunities that their level of education would not normally make possible. Players secure access to these social networks by gaining the trust of key club administrators and demonstrating their loyalty to the club. The research demonstrates that a type of football wantok exists, which like the traditional wantok, describes a dense social or familial network in which access to essential resources are only available to members of the network.

Despite the importance of sport as a social, economic and political institution, research into sport and social capital has not been extensive. Sport and Social Capital is the first book to examine this increasingly high profile area in detail. It explores the ways in which sport contributes to the creation, development, maintenance and, in some cases, diminution of social capital. Written by an internationally renowned author team who are leading figures in this area of study, this engaging and far-reaching text brings leading research from around the world into one comprehensively edited volume. Themes covered in the book include: education, gender, policy, community, youth sport, diversity and many more. It is essential reading for sport management, sport development and sport sociology students around the globe and offers fascinating and invaluable insight to interested stakeholders from industry, community and government. * A progressive text written by the top authors in the field and comprehensively edited into a unified volume * An analysis of the importance of sport and its relationship to social capital within local, national and international communities * Comprehensive coverage of themes such as, education, policy, community, youth sport, diversity and many more * Contributions from the UK, Australia, Canada, USA and Norway

This paper focuses on spectators' alcohol use at a regional community football (Australian Rules) club in Victoria, Australia, in the context of a season-long trial to sell only mid-strength (and not full-strength) beer at the ground during home games. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected on spectators' alcohol choices and preferences together with experiences and attitudes towards the trial. A minority (31%) usually drank alcohol while watching the game and 75% of all supporters agreed with the supply of alcohol at football grounds. Full-strength beer was the drink of choice for 70% of drinkers and faced with a restricted choice of alcohol for purchase (that did not include full-strength beer), 44% reported they would choose full-strength mixed drinks as an alternative. Choosing higher alcohol content drinks if the usual choice was not available was also found in the case of mid-strength beer drinkers, half of whom would choose full-strength beer if mid-strength was unavailable. In bivariate correlations, women, those aged 30–39 years, home supporters and those who did not drink alcohol while spectating were significantly more likely to support the trial. In a regression model the significant predictors were refined to being: female, a non-drinker and aged 50–59 years. Qualitative data supported the idea that the trial had been successful in terms of supporter acceptance of the move to cease the sale of full- strength beer and indicated that the club's relatively supportive and 'family friendly' culture was a key in overcoming earlier opposition to the trial. While the results of this evaluation are mainly positive, the club's particular culture and leadership suggest that its experience may not be transferred in any automatic sense to other clubs both within and without its league where more 'traditional' patterns associated with masculinity and alcohol use may be more persistent and prevalent.

This article explores the claim that generalized trust and community participation are positively associated and reports results from a survey that collected data on individuals' involvement in sport and non-sport community organizations. Data were collected on levels of involvement in community sport and other non-profit community organizations, selected demographic variables and the standard measure of generalized trust. The analysis included an estimation of the direction of causality between involvement and trust and indicated that sport membership led to trust elevation. The findings support the arguments of Stolle and others: that joining community organizations creates heightened trust. Further, sport membership was a strong and significant predictor of trust. The findings have implications both for policy-related social capital interventions and the theory of social capital and trust generation.