Suchergebnisse

Introduction: YouTube is the most used social network in Latin America, and it constitutes an educational toolwith great capacity for diffusion and influence in the community, both informatively and fraudulently. Objectives:Evaluate the reliability, quality, and usefulness or the information of the videos published in Spanish on YouTubeabout Covid-19, in order to evaluate the information that may reach the general population. Materials and methods:Cross-sectional study. A search is performed using the words coronavirus and Covid-19, the first hundred videos areanalyzed simultaneously by two separate evaluators, according to metrics and standardized instruments. Results:62,359,479 views were obtained, 95.76 % of the videos were informative and 41.52 % had health personnel as thepublisher. The highest percentage of reliability score with mDISCERN scored 3 (35.59 %), in quality with GQSpoint 1 (38.98 %), and in utility with CSS scored 0 (25.42 %). Most of the videos and non-fraudulent informationare generated by health personnel, obtaining better scores in relation to the metrics and GQS. Videos made byindependent users were 5.8 times more likely to be misleading (p = 0.17). Conclusions: Most of the videos wereinformative, and only 0.85 % had misleading content, which contrasts with previous studies, where the highestproportion of information was misleading. Maybe related to security strategies against "Fakes news". Videos madeby health professionals and government entities have a low probability of reproducing false information. ; Introducción: YouTube es la red social más utilizada en Latinoamérica, y se considera una herramienta educativa con gran capacidad de difusión e influencia en la comunidad, tanto de manera informativa como fraudulenta.Objetivos: evaluar la confiabilidad, calidad y utilidad de la información de video publicados en español en YouTube respecto a Covid-19, con el fin de evaluar la información que puede llegar a la población general. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal, en el que se ...

Introduction: The primary pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) rank second in frequency, only surpassed by hematological malignancies. Objective. Conduct a review and analysis of existing literature on CNS tumors in population between 0 and 14 focused on the epidemiology, etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. Methodology: The search for articles was conducted using the databases PubMed, MedLinePlus, BIREME and intranet degrees and thesis work of the Universidad Industrial de Santander. Further review of the pages from government agencies in charge of epidemiologicalregistry of cancer was made. Results: CNS tumors in pediatric population are the second leading cause of infant death second only to leukemia, have a clinic and etiological factors well established. The epidemiology don´t differs in the world. The most common symptoms are vomiting, headache, ataxia, visual symptoms and motor disturbances. The most representative etiologic factors are viruses, genetic syndromes, maternal and perinatal infections, exposure to electromagnetic and ionizing radiation, some others are discussed as the presence of trauma at birth. There are also documented protective factors such as consumption of antioxidant, fruits and vegetables, and reported history of allergies. Conclusions: The adequate training of primary care physicians in the identification of signs and symptoms for suspicion and diagnosis of the initial stages of these tumors can reduce mortality rates. [Nieves-Cuervo GM, Manrique-Hernández EF, Ojeda-Rincón SA, Galvis-Pabón S. Central nervous system tumors in pediatric population from 0 to 14 years. MedUNAB 2016; 19 (2): 124-133]. ; Introducción: Los tumores pediátricos primarios del sistema nervioso central (SNC), ocupan el segundo lugar en frecuencia, superados solamente por las neoplasias hematológicas. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión y análisis de la literatura médica existente sobre tumores del SNC en población entre los 0 y 14 años centrado en la epidemiologia, factores ...

Introducción: Los tumores pediátricos primarios del sistema nervioso central (SNC), ocupan el segundo lugar en frecuencia, superados solamente por las neoplasias hematológicas. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión y análisis de la literatura médica existente sobre tumores del SNC en población entre los 0 y 14 años centrado en la epidemiologia, factores etiológicos, manifestaciones clÍnicas y diagnóstico. MetodologÍa: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, MedlinePlus, BIREME y red interna de trabajos de grados y tesis de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Además, se realizó revisión de las páginas de los entes gubernamentales encargados del registro epidemiológico sobre cáncer nacional e internacional. Resultados: Los tumores de SNC en la población pediátrica son la segunda causa de muerte infantil solo superado por la leucemia; tienen una clÍnica y factores etiológicos bien establecidos. La epidemiologÍa no difiere en el mundo. Los sÍntomas más frecuentes son vómito, cefalea, ataxia, sÍntomas visuales y alteraciones motoras. Los factores etiológicos más representativos son virus, sÍndromes genéticos, infecciones maternas y perinatales, exposición a radiación electromagnética e ionizante; algunos son muy discutidos como la presencia de trauma al momento del nacimiento. Además, existen documentados factores protectores tales como consumo de antioxidantes, frutas y verduras, e historia reportada de alergias. Conclusiones: El adecuado entrenamiento a los médicos de atención primaria en la identificación de los signos y sÍntomas para la sospecha y diagnóstico de los estadios iniciales de estos tumores pueden disminuir los Índices de mortalidad. [Nieves-Cuervo GM, Manrique-Hernández EF, Ojeda-Rincón SA, Galvis-Pabón S. Tumores del sistema nervioso central en población pediátrica entre 0 y 14 años. MedUNAB 2016; 19 (2): 124-133] ; Introduction: The primary pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) rank second in frequency, only surpassed by hematological malignancies. Objective. Conduct a review and analysis of existing literature on CNS tumors in population between 0 and 14 focused on the epidemiology, etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. Methodology: The search for articles was conducted using the databases PubMed, MedLinePlus, BIREME and intranet degrees and thesis work of the Universidad Industrial de Santander. Further review of the pages from government agencies in charge of epidemiological registry of cancer was made. Results: CNS tumors in pediatric population are the second leading cause of infant death second only to leukemia, have a clinic and etiological factors well established. The epidemiology don´t differs in the world. The most common symptoms are vomiting, headache, ataxia, visual symptoms and motor disturbances. The most representative etiologic factors are viruses, genetic syndromes, maternal and perinatal infections, exposure to electromagnetic and ionizing radiation, some others are discussed as the presence of trauma at birth. There are also documented protective factors such as consumption of antioxidant, fruits and vegetables, and reported history of allergies. Conclusions: The adequate training of primary care physicians in the identification of signs and symptoms for suspicion and diagnosis of the initial stages of these tumors can reduce mortality rates. [Nieves-Cuervo GM, Manrique-Hernández EF, Ojeda-Rincón SA, Galvis-Pabón S. Central nervous system tumors in pediatric population from 0 to 14 years. MedUNAB 2016; 19 (2): 124-133].

OBJECTIVE. Describe patterns in the dissemination of fake news in the context of COVID-19 mortality and infodemic management in six Latin American countries. METHODS. A descriptive ecological study explored the percentage of the population that is unable to recognize fake news, the percentage who trust social network content, and the percentage who use it as their sole news source in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, up to 29 November 2020. Internet penetration rate, Facebook penetration rate, and COVID-19 mortality were calculated for each country. Information was obtained from literature searches and government and news portals in the selected countries, according to the World Health Organization's five proposed action areas: identifying evidence, translating knowledge and science, amplifying action, quantifying impact, and coordination and governance. RESULTS. Chile and Argentina were the countries with the greatest internet penetration rates (92.4% and 92.0%, respectively) and were also among the heaviest users of social media as their only means of obtaining news (32.0% and 28.0%, respectively). Brazil and Colombia showed intermediate behavior for both indicators. Mexico had the highest use of social networks, while Peru and Colombia had the highest indices of inability to recognize fake news. CONCLUSIONS. It was observed that in countries with less use of social networks as the sole means for obtaining information and less trust in social network content, mortality was also lower.