Suchergebnisse

The deceptive tactics used to manipulate impressions people gave to others of themselves and other individuals were investigated. In the first phase, all participants told about the most memorable event that happened yesterday. In the second phase, one group of participants in the self-aggrandizement
condition were asked to distort the original statement to give the impression that they were competent or socially desirable. Another group of participants assigned to the other-belittlement condition were asked to distort the original statement to give an impression that other individuals
in the original telling were incompetent or socially undesirable. The results show that participants in both conditions used two deceptive tactics. One is a direct tactic, which is a direct manipulation of the target's evaluation. The other is an indirect tactic, which is indirect manipulation
of the target's evaluation by contrasting with a nontarget person.

The effects of the prenatal and perinatal factors on the behavioral traits of infants were studied by the use of a maternal questionnaire. The factor analysis on the questionnaire data of 183 newborn and 264 l-month-old infants produced 6 and 7 factors (behavioral dimensions) for the newborn and the l-month-olds, respectively. The correlations between the obstetrical factors and the behavioral dimensions were examined by Hayashi's quantification method I which can be considered as a multiple regression analysis. The results suggested that even those minor prenatal and perinatal complications whose effects had scarcely been noticed clinically on neo-natal states may have an adverse influence on behaviors. In general, the influence of the perinatal factors seems to be manifested on behaviors of the newborn, and also that the influence of the prenatal factors seems to be manifested on behaviors of the l-month-olds as the influence of the perinatal factors diminishes.