Suchergebnisse

Using the age as criterion, we can make a difference between juvenile and adult crime. However, for juvenile crime, other terms are used as well, such as juvenile delinquency, social maladjustment, juvenile antisocial behaviour, hooliganism etc. In relation to that, various definitions of juvenile crime appear in criminological literature. The key distinction between these definitions is their perception of the behaviours that constitute juvenile delinquency. Acceptance of one or the other definition, larger or narrower, has both theoretical and practical implications. Starting from the analyses of the discourse of contemporary criminology, the paper intends to present and critically examine various definitions of juvenile delinquency, as well as to analyse the impact determination of the notion of juvenile delinquency has on criminological surveys and criminal policy implementation. ; S obzirom na uzrast, razlikuju se dva osnovna tipa kriminaliteta: kriminalitet maloletnika i kriminalitet punoletnih lica. Međutim, za kriminalitet maloletnika se u literaturi koriste i drugi termini, poput maloletničke delinkvencije, maloletničkog prestupništva, društvene neprilagođenosti, antisocijalnog ponašanja maloletnika, huliganstva i drugih. S tim u vezi, u literaturi egzistiraju i različite definicije maloletničkog kriminaliteta, odnosno maloletničke delinkvencije, koje se pre svega razlikuju u shvatanju o tome koja sve ponašanja spadaju u maloletničku delinkvenciju. Opredeljenje za neko od tih shvatanja, uže ili šire, ima kako teorijske, tako i praktične implikacije. Polazeći od analize diskursa savremene teorijske i primenjene kriminologije, rad ima za cilj da predstavi i kritički preispita postojeća pojmovna određenja maloletničke delinkvencije, kao i da razmotri pitanje uticaja određenja pojma maloletnička delinkvencija na sprovođenje kriminoloških istraživanja i kreiranje kriminalne politike.

Since the end of the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union and the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions have been faced with multiple upheavals of interethnic violence, bloody secessions and ethnic cleansing. Up to the present, both regions are confronted with unresolved border, minority and security issues, matters of recognition, protracted traumata and claims for justice. After the fall of the iron curtain, simmering ethnic tensions turned into hot wars that created new states, new power-political hierarchies and a heritage of violence. Reaching back to the early 1990s, several international and national transitional justice measures have been applied to face these heritages and lay the foundations for a common future. For the former Yugoslavia, they range from broad criminal trials to a series of restorative justice mechanisms; in the North and South Caucasus they encompass numerous mediation measures and primarily restorative justice efforts. The present volume is concerned with strategies of conflict resolution and prevention subsumed under the concept of reconciliation. It aims at understanding the socio-emotional root causes of political cleavages and daily realities of (post-) conflict societies, especially regarding the impact of competing narratives and unprocessed pasts on exclusive identities and strategic political choices. Applying reconciliation theory, insights from collective memory and transitional justice to a series of selected field studies, it sheds light on the origins of interethnic violence, aims at finding explanations for the fact that many of the above-mentioned conflicts have become intractable and discusses the chances and challenges for transforming interests, emotions, perspectives, roles and identities between and within the respective societies.