Suchergebnisse

Background: Evaluation of gingival biotype has become a routine procedure in periodontal examination because the type of gingival biotype can positively or negatively affect the outcome of periodontal, restorative, orthodontic and implant therapy. The aim of the study was to assess the proportion of types of gingival biotypes in patients visiting a tertiary care center in eastern Nepal.
Methods: Two hundred and fifty patients between 25 to 45 years attending the Periodontology and Oral Implantology were assessed. Gingival biotype of the patents was determined with Probe Transparency technique
Results: Out 250 patients assessed, 73 patients (approximately 29.2 %) had thin gingival biotype and remaining 177 patients (approximately 70.8 %) had thick gingival biotype. The number of the male with thin biotype was 31 whereas the number of the male with thick biotype was 82. Similarly, out of 137 female, 42 had thin biotype and remaining 95 female had thick biotype. The types of biotypes were not associated with gender (p=0.67).
Conclusions: Thicker gingival biotype was the more common type of gingival biotype in patients attending the tertiary care center of Eastern Nepal. The occurrence of thick gingival biotype was more common in Adivasi Janajati ethnic community compared to Brahmin / Chhetri ethnic community.
Keywords: Adivasi janajati; gingival biotype, probe transparency technique

Background: Certain characteristics of the primary dentition have been described that may be required in the smooth transition from primary to permanent dentition and therefore development of ideal occlusion in permanent dentition. The objectives of this study were to assess different occlusal characteristics of primary dentition among school going children of Dharan, Nepal and to compare these occlusal characteristics based on gender and race.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 625 school children of Mongolian and Caucasian race, aged 3 to 7 years, and having complete set of primary dentition. A close-ended questionnaire was developed to gather demographic information followed by the examination of occlusal and soft tissue parameters.
Results: The result showed 77.2% of the children had developmental spaces and 83.1% had primate spaces. Flush terminal plane molar and class I canine relationships were present in 68.8% and 81.6%, respectively with normal overjet (53.5%), normal overbite (41.1%), straight facial profile (86.7%) and competent lips (98.6%). Crowding was present in 35.4%, midline discrepancy in 11.3%, crossbite in 7.2%, scissor bite in 0.6% and open bite in 2.1% of the children examined.
Conclusions: Most of the occlusal characteristics were desirable but with the existence of some malocclusion traits, necessitating timely recognition and correction through early screening. Gender and racial influences were also observed and it emphasizes the need for treatment plan based on them.
Keywords: Gender; occlusal characteristics; primary dentition; race

Background: Injuries are a problem worldwide in all occupations. Welders are exposed to many hazards at work resulting in a variety of health problems including injuries at work. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence and factors associated with injuries among welders in Dharan city of eastern Nepal.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 86 welders in Dharan city. Occurrence of injury in past 2 weeks and past 12 months were recorded. Data regarding sociodemographic along with occupational characteristics was collected using semi structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 17.Results: All the welders in this study were male with almost half of the welders under the age of 25 years and about a fifth (21.1%) of the welders having received some form of welding training. In the past 12 months, 21.1% of the welders suffered from work related injuries. More than 95% welders used at least one personal protective equipment in this study. More injuries were seen among welders with age ≥35 years, working experience ≥ 5 years, not received training and not using of PPE at work. However, these factors were not found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Work related injuries are high among welders of Dharan. Further research is required to explore the relationship between age, literacy, training and use of personal protective equipment with the occurrence of injuries among the welders.

Background: The diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome remains challenging, as cardiac troponins and creatine kinase-MB do not detect myocardial ischemia. Ischemia modified albumin is biomarker positive within 6-10 minutes following ischemic onset, where oxygen free radicals leads to reduction in binding capacity of human serum albumin to transitional metal-cobalt. The objective of this study was to compare ischemia modified albumin between acute coronary syndrome patients and healthy controls, and evaluate diagnostic performance of ischemia modified albumin compared to cardiac troponins, creatine kinase-MB and electrocardiogram in acute coronary syndrome patients.Methods: Fifty ACS patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Ischemia modified albumin was measured after addition of known amount of cobalt to human serum albumin, followed by spectrophotometric determination of unbound cobalt fraction at 470 nm using dithiothreitol as coloring agent. Independent student t-test and One-way ANOVA to compare differences of mean between groups; diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of ischemia modified albumin was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve; McNemar-test was used to assess diagnostic performance of entire test parameters, when used alone and in combinations.Results: Ischemia modified albumin was significantly higher in acute coronary syndrome patients compared to controls (0.823±0.191 vs 0.410±0.081)(p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve derived optimal cutoff of 0.475 Absorbance unit had sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 82% respectively (area under curve- 0.96). However, no significant differences in mean ischemia modified albumin values between three categories of acute coronary syndrome were seen. Sensitivity of ischemia modified albumin assay (92%) was significantly higher compared to electrocardiogram (72%), cardiac troponin I (18%), and creatine kinase-MB(42%).Conclusions: Ischemia modified albumin is elevated in acute coronary syndrome patients with better diagnostic performance compared to electrocardiogram, cardiac troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB for early diagnosis, however, with limited ability to discriminate between ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina.