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The Foreign and Native Banks in China: Chop Loans in Shanghai and Hankow before 1914
In: Modern Asian studies, Band 39, Heft 1, S. 109-132
ISSN: 1469-8099
The foreign and native banks in China: chop loans in Shanhai and Hankow before 1914
In: Modern Asian studies, Band 39, Heft 1, S. 109-132
ISSN: 0026-749X
Three or four decades ago it was a consensus among scholars in Chinese history that China before the advent of the Western impact was a stagnant economy under the yoke of a pre-modern regime and that the opening of China to foreign trade exacerbated the predicament of peasants by forcing commercialization on them, while the inflow of Western manufactures destroyed the handicraft industries of China. This perception has since been largely contradicted. According to Hans van de Ven, "The greatest achievement of China scholarship in the past decade has been the discovery of the eighteenth century. New vistas have been laid out that make clear how dynamic the period was". In response to this dynamism, there emerged two kinds of financial institutions serving the needs of the economy. One was the so-called Shanhsi banks (Wade-Giles mode of spelling is used throughout this paper in order to preserve consistency with Chinese words in quotations), that is, piao hao, which deployed nation-wide networks of branches and was engaged in long-distance remittances, and, after the Taiping Revolution, remittances of provincial tributes to Peking came to be handled by them. At the end of the nineteenth century there were 32 of them, having 175 branches in all the major cities of China. Their main function, however, was remittance business and their spare cash was lent to the provincial authorities, to individual officials and to the ch'ien chuang. That is, they did not lend money directly to commerce and industries.(Mod Asian Stud/DÜI)
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The French Provincial Banks, the Banque de France, and Bill Finance, 1890-1913
In: The economic history review, Band 48, Heft 3, S. 536
ISSN: 1468-0289
International banking in the China market before the Second World War
In: Discussion paper IS/97/330
La masse monétaire en France, 1890-1913
In: Histoire, économie & société: HES : époches moderne et contemporaine, Band 25, Heft 2, S. 195-211
ISSN: 1777-5906
Résumé
II n'existe pas, pour la période 1890-1913, de statistique fiable du montant total de la masse monétaire française, en particulier du fait des incertitudes concernant le montant des dépôts bancaires et de ceux des caisses d'épargne. L'étude montre que le volume des dépôts bancaires était très inférieur à celui du Royaume-Uni à la même époque. Y contribuaient quatre facteurs principaux : la popularité des caisses d'épargne ; la méfiance des Français par rapport au chèque ; la nécessité d'ouvrir des comptes de chèques en plus des comptes courants pour pouvoir toucher des chèques ; la popularité des billets de la Banque de France. Même si le système bancaire français demeurait relativement sous-développé par rapport à celui du Royaume-Uni, le système des caisses d'épargne était relativement plus fort qu' Outre-manche et la circulation des effets de commerce y était proportionnellement plus importante. Ces deux derniers facteurs ont compensé jusqu'à un certain point la rareté relative des dépôts bancaires en France.
KAIUNGYO TO KINYU
In: Japanese Yearbook on Business History, Band 1, S. 182-185
ISSN: 1884-6181
Business Finance in Japanese Business History
In: Japanese Yearbook on Business History, Band 1, S. 24-46
ISSN: 1884-6181
The Decline of Inland Bills of Exchange in the London Money Market 1855-1913
In: Economica, Band 39, Heft 154, S. 229
Pacific Banking, 1859-1959: East Meets West
In: The economic history review, Band 49, Heft 2, S. 418
ISSN: 1468-0289