Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Introduction - The Right of Access to Personal Data in a Changing European Legislative Framework -- 1.1 The Right of Access in Europe -- References -- Chapter 2: Methodological Remarks -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Methodological Approaches -- 2.2.1 Mapping the Legal and Administrative Frameworks -- 2.2.2 Locating the Data Controller -- 2.2.3 Submitting Access Requests -- 2.3 Sampling -- 2.3.1 Locating the Data Controller -- 2.3.2 Submitting Access Requests -- 2.4 Ethical Considerations -- 2.4.1 Lay Person and Researcher Status - Researchers as Citizens -- 2.4.2 Covert Nature of Researcher's Expert Status -- 2.4.3 Third Party Protocol -- Reference -- Chapter 3: A European Perspective on Data Protection and the Right of Access -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Context and Background of EU Data Protection Law and of Directive 95/46/EC -- 3.3 The Data Subject's Right of Access to Personal Data and Its Interpretation at European Level -- 3.4 European Case Law on the Right of Access to Personal Data -- 3.5 Case Law of the Court of Strasbourg -- 3.6 Case Law of the Court of Luxembourg -- 3.7 What Can We Learn from the European Case Law on Access Rights? -- 3.8 The Promotion of Access Rights by the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) -- 3.9 The Promotion and Enforcement of Access Rights by Data Protection Authorities (DPAs) -- 3.10 Conclusion -- References -- Legislation and Case Law -- Literature -- Chapter 4: Exercising Access Rights in Austria -- 4.1 Mapping the Legal and Administrative Frameworks of Access Rights in Austria -- 4.1.1 Introduction -- 4.1.2 Application (Primary and Secondary Legislation) and Interpretation (Case Law) of the Right of Access to Data -- CCTV Signage and Access to CCTV Footage.

Das Benthamsche Modellgefängnis, das Panopticon, ist nach Foucault weit mehr als eine architektonische Form der Visualisierung. Es ist die gesellschaftliche, politische und technische Infrastruktur, die Visualisierung als eine Basis von disziplinarischer gesellschaftlicher Kontrolle bedeutsam macht. Im Kern des panoptischen Projekts befindet sich die Sammlung von individualisierter, kodifizierter Information, die das Grundprinzip für eine Klassifizierung und darauffolgende autoritative Interventionen bildet. In diesem Zusammenhang versucht der vorliegende Beitrag, das Ausmaß zu ergründen, in dem die intensive Verbreitung der Videoüberwachung der Panoptisierung des städtischen Raums im heutigen Großbritannien gleichkommt. Um dieser Frage nachzugehen, werden heutige, auf Videoüberwachung beruhende Überwachungspraktiken traditionellen, durch Mit-Anwesenheit und Kommunikation mittels Blickkontakt erreichten Überwachungspraktiken gegenübergestellt. Abschließend werden die Implikationen der Einführung der nächsten Generation von digitalen, computergesteuerten Videoüberwachungssystemen untersucht, die die Vision und Verheißung einer vollautomatisierten visuellen Überwachung andeuten. (ICA2)

This book answers the basic questions - what is crime? what is criminology?, before examining the ways in which crime has been studied, and looking at the main approaches and schools of thought within criminology and how these have been developed.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Part I: Images of Social Control -- 1 Introduction: Visions of Surveillance -- 2 A History of Photographic Surveillance and the Rise of CCTV -- 3 The Ever Present Gaze: CCTV Surveillance in Britain -- 4 The Selling of CCTV: Political and Media Discourses -- Part II: The Unforgiving Eye -- 5 Introduction: Watching the Watchers - Theory and Method -- 6 The Watchers and the Watched: The Social Structuring of Surveillance -- 7 Working Rules and the Social Construction of Suspicion -- 8 Communications and Consequences -- 9 From Images to Action: From the Control Room to the Street -- Part III: Seeing the Future -- 10 Towards the Maximum Surveillance Society -- Bibliography -- Index.

In the context of the rise of proactive and intelligence led policing strategies this article examines claims as to the cost effectiveness of the police use of informers. In particular it questions the Audit Commission's limited view of effectiveness based solely on reward money paid out and seeks to account for the full costs of running informers. These, it is argued, should include all operational and organisational costs associated with recruitment and managing informers. Moreover, as the reality of using informers raises profound ethical problems there is a danger that an increase in their use could further undermine police legitimacy.