Suchergebnisse

Terror attacks are known to increase support for the attacked nation state and strengthen ingroup affiliations among citizens. Even though there is evidence that a terror attack can affect people all over the world, up to now no study has considered whether these nation-specific effects work on a supra-national level. This study investigates these effects by analyzing the impact of two severe Islamist terror attacks, the Paris attack from 2015 and the Manchester bombing from 2017, on citizens' attachment to the European Union (EU). We use data from the Eurobarometer surveys that were conducted around the time of these attacks. Applying an entropy- balancing approach before running ordered logistic regressions, we make use of the quasi-random variation in survey interviews to analyze the treatment effects of the two attacks. The results indicate that the so-called rally effects work for supra-national communities and that they increase EU citizens' attachment to and the identification with the EU. Thus, the study has relevant implications for research about terror attacks, as it provides new insights about the scope of rally effects and their mode of operation.

International crises like dramatic terror attacks leave their mark on society in various ways. According to the existing literature, some of these consequences include two seemingly conflicting responses: increasing as well as decreasing support for the incumbent government. To make sense of this seeming contradiction, this study combines these observations in one empirical framework. We investigate the effects of Islamist terrorism on citizens' evaluation of the national government by logistic regression analyses using data from the European Social Survey (ESS) for Germany from 2014 to 2017. Our analyses demonstrate that support for the government significantly increases in the aftermath of Islamist terror attacks. However, the intensity of such support decreases with repeated exposure to terror attacks, and these effects even reverse when a certain level of terror is reached. Further, we find that radical right parties benefit from the issues accentuated by terrorism.

This article describes the issues of the rights of persons with disabilities. It raises a subject of most important documents that regulate this issue. It provides the analysis of law in the international legislation acts, such as Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons, the Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities also the Convention on the Rights of the Child and others etc. It refers not only to fundamental rights of persons, but also to protection of health, medical services, rehabilitation, employment and education.

Purpose: This paper aimed at evaluating changes in agricultural productivity in the group of new (NMS) and old (OMS) member states of the European Union. Design/Methodology/Approach: The analysis covered the years 2007-2016. The calculations made use of unit data from farms participating in FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network). Surveys were carried out based on the Malmquist productivity index and partial indicators of land, workforce and capital productivity. Findings: The outcome pointed to increased total productivity of agriculture in NMS (9.5%), resulting from positive technological changes and improvement in technical efficiency. A small decrease in productivity was noted in a group of EU-15 countries, which was due to a decrease in technical efficiency. Despite the growth in total productivity, the value of partial productivity indicators in NMS remained at a much lower level than in OMS. Practical Implications: Identification of the determinants of growth in agricultural productivity is the precondition to make up differences occurring between member states in this respect. Originality/Value: This study contributes to reference literature concerning productivity of agriculture for a number of reasons. First, the scope of the survey is extensive, as it covers a group of 27 EU member states split into new and old members. The second aspect of the survey is taking into account both changes in total factor productivity and in productivity of respective production factors. Thirdly, the Malmquist index adopted for the needs of the survey made it possible to identify the sources of change in total factor productivity. ; peer-reviewed

Purpose: The concept of green growth gained in importance as a result of the recent financial and economic downturn. In the opinion of many experts it is a potential way of achieving a long-term goal, that is, sustainable development. An essential role in the context of green growth is attributed to the agricultural sector. The authors attempted to establish a synthetic measure of the level of green growth in agriculture. Design/Methodology/Approach: Research was carried out based on the taxonomic linear ordering method. The reference years 2000-2017 were chosen due to data availability on Eurostat, FAO and OECD database. Due to the existing information gap, 25 EU countries were accepted for analysis. Findings: The analysis showed that Poland is characterized by the highest level of green growth in agriculture, while Cyprus received the lowest rating. Generalizing the results of the study, it can be stated that the level of 'greening' agriculture in European Union countries is insufficient. Practical Implications: The results fill in the existing information gap by providing an answer to the fundamental question: How can green growth in agriculture be evaluated synthetically? The proposed method advances the OECD approach by adding evaluation metrics to assess the performance of each country relative to other jurisdictions by indicator and by a synthetic measure. This allows countries to clearly identify areas where their performance is weak and to prioritize their mitigation measures accordingly. Originality/Value: The proposed method advances the OECD approach by adding evaluation metrics to assess the performance of each country relative to other jurisdictions by indicator and by a synthetic measure. This allows countries to clearly identify areas where their performance is weak and to prioritize their mitigation measures accordingly. ; peer-reviewed