Suchergebnisse

O artigo objetiva problematizar a perspectiva do desenvolvimento humano cujo risco de regressão é apontado como uma consequência do período pandêmico deflagrado com a COVID-19. Por meio de um levantamento exploratório baseado em fontes documentais apresenta indicadores sociais que demonstram os desafios do desenvolvimento humano ao longo das últimas décadas, particularmente no Brasil. Reforça quea reflexão orientada pela teoria social crítica marxiana e marxista aponta que os desafios para sustentar as conquistas do desenvolvimento humano para todos não podem ser atribuídos exclusivamente ao coronavírus SARS-Cov-2, porque antes mesmo da crise sanitária, os lentos, mas importantes avanços conquistados já se mostravam insustentáveis na ordem social capitalista, cuja superação é condição para um real e sustentável desenvolvimento da humanidade, na perspectiva da emancipação humana.THE REGRESS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: A SYMPTOM OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?AbstractThe article aims to problematize the perspective of human development whose risk of regression is pointed out as a consequence of the pandemic period triggered by COVID-19. Through an exploratory survey based on documentary sources, it presents social indicators that demonstrate the challenges of human development over the last decades, particularly in Brazil. It reinforces that the reflection guided by the Marxian and Marxist critical social theory points out that the challenges to sustain the achievements of human development for all cannot be attributed exclusively to the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus, because even before the health crisis, the slow but important advances already achieved proved unsustainable in the capitalist social order, whose overcoming is a condition for a real and sustainable development of humanity, in the perspective of human emancipation.Keywords: Human development. Human emancipation. Pandemic

Considerando campo e cidade, rural e urbano como categorias e realidades peculiares, contudo, indissociáveis, o presente trabalho focaliza as representações dessas formas e conteúdos por crianças de Juiz de Fora (MG), entre 8 e 12 anos, com experiências consideradas tipicamente urbanas, o que foi originalmente questão de investigação da dissertação de mestrado 'É muito difícil você ver uma carroça no centro da cidade': Crianças de Juiz de Fora (MG) e suas representações de cidade e campo. A pesquisa foi construída em coerência com os pressupostos da investigação qualitativa e teve como objetivo conhecer as representações de campo e cidade, em especial das 12 crianças participantes, por meio de seus desenhos e falas, buscando perceber as concepções que lhes estão subjacentes. Referente à temática das categorias campo/ cidade/ urbano/rural, o trabalho pauta-se teoricamente em autores como Henri Lefebvre, Raymond Williams, Ana Fani Alessandri Carlos, João Rua e outros. As descobertas da pesquisa são pensadas à luz de referências como Milton Santos, Paulo Freire, Rafael Straforini e Helena Coppetti Callai, na defesa de que a Geografia tem uma função social de auxílio na leitura do lugar-mundo. As imagens, os desenhos e outras formas de representações são essenciais no processo de elaboração dessa leitura que precisa transcender o aparente.

© The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. ; BACKGROUND: Previous literature shows systematic differences in health according to socioeconomic status (SES). However, there is no clear evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 infection might be different across SES in Portugal. This work identifies the COVID-19 worst-affected municipalities at four different time points in Portugal measured by prevalence of cases, and seeks to determine if these worst-affected areas are associated with SES. METHODS: The worst-affected areas were defined using the spatial scan statistic for the cumulative number of cases per municipality. The likelihood of being in a worst-affected area was then modelled using logistic regressions, as a function of area-based SES and health services supply. The analyses were repeated at four different time points of the COVID-19 pandemic: 1st of April, 1st of May, 1st of June, and 1st of July, corresponding to two moments before and during the confinement period and two moments thereafter. RESULTS: Twenty municipalities were identified as worst-affected areas in all four time points, most in the coastal area in the Northern part of the country. The areas of lower unemployment were less likely to be a worst-affected area on the 1st of April [AOR = 0.36 (0.14; 0.91)], on the 1st of May [AOR = 0.03 (0.00; 0.41)], and on the 1st of July [AOR = 0.40 (0.16; 1.05)]. CONCLUSION: This study shows a relationship between being in a worst-affected area and unemployment. Governments and public health authorities should formulate measures and be prepared to protect the most vulnerable groups. ; publishersversion ; published

It is critical to develop tailored strategies to increase acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and decrease hesitancy. Hence, this study aims to assess and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal. We used data from a community-based survey, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which includes data regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccines, health status, and risk perception in Portugal from September 2020 to January 2021. We used multinomial regression to identify factors associated with intention to delay or refuse to take COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal was high: 56% would wait and 9% refuse. Several factors were associated with both refusal and delay: being younger, loss of income during the pandemic, no intention of taking the flu vaccine, low confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine and the health service response during the pandemic, worse perception of government measures, perception of the information provided as inconsistent and contradictory, and answering the questionnaire before the release of information regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. It is crucial to build confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine as its perceived safety and efficacy were strongly associated with intention to take the vaccine. Governments and health authorities should improve communication and increase trust.

It is critical to develop tailored strategies to increase acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and decrease hesitancy. Hence, this study aims to assess and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal. We used data from a community-based survey, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which includes data regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccines, health status, and risk perception in Portugal from September 2020 to January 2021. We used multinomial regression to identify factors associated with intention to delay or refuse to take COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal was high: 56% would wait and 9% refuse. Several factors were associated with both refusal and delay: being younger, loss of income during the pandemic, no intention of taking the flu vaccine, low confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine and the health service response during the pandemic, worse perception of government measures, perception of the information provided as inconsistent and contradictory, and answering the questionnaire before the release of information regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. It is crucial to build confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine as its perceived safety and efficacy were strongly associated with intention to take the vaccine. Governments and health authorities should improve communication and increase trust. ; publishersversion ; published

Funding Information: Funding: The present publication was funded support through CHRC (UIDP/04923/2020). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. ; The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in healthcare use. This study aimed to identify factors associated with a patient's decision to avoid and/or delay healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used data from a community-based survey in Portugal from July 2020 to August 2021, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which included data regarding health services use, risk perception and confidence in health services. We framed our analysis under Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health Services Use and utilised Poisson regression to identify healthcare avoidance associated factors. Healthcare avoidance was high (44%). Higher prevalence of healthcare avoidance was found among women; participants who reported lower confidence in the healthcare system response to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19; lost income during the pandemic; experienced negative emotions due to physical distancing measures; answered the questionnaire before middle June 2021; and perceived having worse health, the measures implemented by the Government as inadequate, the information conveyed as unclear and confusing, a higher risk of getting COVID-19, a higher risk of complications and a higher risk of getting infected in a health institution. It is crucial to reassure the population that health services are safe. Health services should plan their recovery since delays in healthcare delivery can lead to increased or worsening morbidity, yielding economic and societal costs. ; publishersversion ; published

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in healthcare use. This study aimed to identify factors associated with a patient's decision to avoid and/or delay healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used data from a community-based survey in Portugal from July 2020 to August 2021, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which included data regarding health services use, risk perception and confidence in health services. We framed our analysis under Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health Services Use and utilised Poisson regression to identify healthcare avoidance associated factors. Healthcare avoidance was high (44%). Higher prevalence of healthcare avoidance was found among women; participants who reported lower confidence in the healthcare system response to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19; lost income during the pandemic; experienced negative emotions due to physical distancing measures; answered the questionnaire before middle June 2021; and perceived having worse health, the measures implemented by the Government as inadequate, the information conveyed as unclear and confusing, a higher risk of getting COVID-19, a higher risk of complications and a higher risk of getting infected in a health institution. It is crucial to reassure the population that health services are safe. Health services should plan their recovery since delays in healthcare delivery can lead to increased or worsening morbidity, yielding economic and societal costs.

Objective: To analyze the importance of Neonatal Screening for the treatment of children with phenylketonuria. Method: This is an integrative review. To select the studies we looked at the electronic databases Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO journal portal and CAPES in September 2013, using the keywords: Phenylketonuria, Triage, Child health. Results: The analysis of the articles indicated that in the period 2008-2013, the year 2010 had the highest number of publications. Most studies paused to examine the importance of neonatal screening program to evaluate the tracking phenylketonuria, as well as to characterize the performance of children diagnosed and treated early with phenylketonuria. Conclusion: Studies have shown that treatment is significantly more effective when deployed in pre - clinical stage of the disease and there is a screening test, the screening test, which is simple, efficient , applicable on a large scale and low cost.

Funding Information: Funding: The present publication was funded by Fundação Ciência e Tecnologia, IP national support through CHRC (UIDP/04923/2020). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. ; An online cross-sectional study on COVID-19 vaccination adhesion was conducted in Portugal nine months after vaccination rollout (September–November 2021). Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with hesitancy to take the COVID-19 vaccine in the communitybased survey, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion". Hesitancy was 11%; however, of those, 60.5% stated that they intended to take the vaccine. Hesitancy was associated with factors such as lower monthly household income; no intention of taking the flu vaccine this year; perceived reasonable health status; having two or more diseases; low confidence in the health service response; worse perception of the adequacy of anti-COVID-19 government measures; low or no perceived risk of getting COVID-19; feeling agitated, anxious or sad some days; and lack of trust in the safety and efficacy of the vaccines. Confidence in vaccines, namely against COVID-19, is paramount for public health and should be monitored during vaccination rollout. Clear communication of the risks and benefits of vaccination needs improvement to increase adherence and public confidence. ; publishersversion ; published